When Is The Beginning Of Personhood Essay Example For Students

When Is The Beginning Of Personhood? Exposition Premature birth is the end of pregnancy before birth, coming about in,or joined by, the demise of the hatchling. A few premature births occurnaturally on the grounds that an embryo doesn't grow ordinarily. Or on the other hand in light of the fact that themother has a physical issue or confusion that keeps her from conveying thepregnancy to a full term. This kind of fetus removal is normally known as amiscarriage. Different premature births are prompted. Prompted premature births areintentionally welcomed on, either on the grounds that a pregnancy is undesirable orpresents a hazard to a womans wellbeing. Instigated premature birth has become one ofthe generally moral and philosophical issues of the late twentieth century. Current clinical strategies have made initiated premature births easier andless perilous. Be that as it may, in the United States, the discussion over fetus removal has ledto fights in court in the courts, in the Congress of the United States, andstate governing bod ies. It has demonstrated to be overflowed into confrontations,which are here and there rough, at facilities where premature births are performed. There are a wide range of techniques in having a fetus removal. Inducedabortions are performed utilizing one of a few strategies. The most secure andmost valuable and suitable technique is dictated by the time of thefetus, or the length of pregnancy, which is determined from the beginningof the pregnant womans last menstrual period. Most pregnancies last anaverage of 39 to 40 weeks, around 9 months. This timeframe is brokenup into three sections known as trimesters. The main trimester is the principal 13weeks, the subsequent trimester is from the 14 to multi week and the thirdtrimester keeps going from the 25th week to birth. Premature births in the firsttrimester of pregnancy are simpler and more secure to play out, that is on the grounds that thefetus is littler. Premature births in the second and third trimesters are morecomplicated met hods, which present more serious dangers to a womans wellbeing. In the United States, a pregnant womans danger of death from afirst-term premature birth is under 1 out of 100,000. The hazard increments by about30 percent with every seven day stretch of pregnancy following 12 weeks. Despite the fact that it is sodangerous numerous ladies keep on having premature births. There are evensome sedate meds used to end a womans pregnancy. In amethod generally alluded to as a next day contraceptive, a lady is givenlarge dosages of estrogen which is a female hormone inside 72 hours ofunprotected sex and again 12 hours after the fact. This high dosestops the hatchling from any further advancement at the most punctual stages afterconception. Or on the other hand the moment that a keeps an eye on sperm treats a womans egg. Run of the mill symptoms of a next day contraceptive may incorporate nausea,headache, dazedness, bosom delicacy, and now and again liquid maintenance. We will compose a custom exposition on When Is The Beginning Of Personhood? explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now During the initial seven weeks of pregnancy a blend of twodrugs can be given in pill structure to make a hatchling. A pregnant lady firsttakes a medication which squares progesterone, which is a hormone required tomaintain pregnancy. Around 48 hours after the fact she takes another medication whichis a hormone like synthetic created by the body that causescontractions of the uterus, the organ wherein the embryo creates. Thesecontractions remove the hatchling. Misoprostol, which is another sort of drugcan additionally actuate premature birth when it is blended in with an alternate medication thatinterferes with cell division. A specialist initially infuses a pregnant womanwith one sort of medication and about seven days after the fact the lady takes anotherdrug to incite constrictions and to remove to hatchling. At the point when you combinethese two sorts of medications it for the most part closes pregnancy adequately accordingto the 95 percent of the lady who have taken them. Despit e the fact that, somewoman experience issues, draining and queasiness. A portion of the cases aremore genuine, for example, pneumonia, edema, arrhythmia and they impact theheart and lungs which may cause demise. After the initial four months of pregnancy , premature birth becomes moredifficult. One technique that can be utilized during this period is calleddilation and clearing. Which requires more noteworthy widening of the cervixthan different techniques. It additionally requires the utilization of attractions of a huge curetteand a getting a handle on device called a forceps to expel the baby. Widening andevacuation are convoluted methods due to the size of the fetusand the more slender divider, which generally stretch to oblige a growingfetus. Seeping in the uterus frequently happens. Expansion and clearing mustbe performed under general sedation in a facility or clinic. It istypically utilized in the primary long stretches of the subsequent trimester however can beperformed up to the 24th seven day stretch of pregnancy. Flawless enlargement andextraction, likewise alluded to as a fractional birth premature birth, comprises of partiallyremoving the baby from the uterus through the vagina l trench, feet first,and utilizing pull to expel the mind and spinal liquid from the skull. The skull is then fell to permit total evacuation of the baby fromthe uterus. Premature birth has gotten one of the most broadly discussed ethicalissues. On one side there are people who are for womansreproductive rights, including the privilege to decided to have a premature birth. Onthe opposite side there are the master life advocates, who contradict abortionexcept in outrageous cases, as when the moms life would be threatenedby conveying a pregnancy to term. Toward one side of this moral range arepro-decision safeguards who accept the hatchling is just a potential humanbeing until it is reasonable. Until this time the hatchling has no lawful rights. Therights have a place with the lady conveying the embryo, who can choose whetheror not to carry the pregnancy to a full term. At the opposite finish of thespectrum are genius life supporters who accept the baby is a human beingfrom the hour o f origination. The embryo has the lawful right to life from themoment the egg and sperm join together. Between these positions lies acontinuum of moral and political positions. .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714 , .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714 .postImageUrl , .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714 , .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714:hover , .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714:visited , .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714:active { border:0!important; } .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714:active , .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-improvement: underline; } .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-embellishment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u968472266d 3424458d7084e22a88b714 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u968472266d3424458d7084e22a88b714:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Hound of the Baskervilles Argumentative EssayA assortment of moral contentions have been made on the two sides ofthe premature birth issue, however no agreement or bargain has ever beenreached in light of the fact that, in the open approach banter, the most vocal expert choiceand master life champions have profoundly various perspectives about the status ofa embryo. Embryology, which is the investigation of fetal turn of events, offers littleinsight about the fetuss status right now of origination, furtherconfounding the issue for the two sides. Furthermore, the moment that a fetusbecomes practical is continually changin g as time passes medicaladvances make it conceivable to keep an untimely infant alive at an earlierstage. The current meaning of feasibility is commonly acknowledged at about 24weeks incubation; a little level of infants conceived at around 22 weeksgestation have been kept bursting at the seams with serious clinical consideration. In the fetus removal banter, the mix of clinical uncertaintiesand enthusiastic political showdowns has prompted impressive threatening vibe . Be that as it may, for some individuals, the lines between genius decision and professional life areblurred. The issue is likewise far less enraptured. Numerous ladies, who considerthemselves master life supporters, are worried about the peril ofallowing the administration to choose what clinical choices are accessible tothem and the potential dangers to conceptive rights. Thus, manywomen, who examine their view as the professional decision see, are deeplysaddened by the demonstration of fetus removal and try to limit its utilization throughmore instruction about premature births, anticipations of pregnancy and the useof conception prevention. Numerous individuals on all sides of the contention feel thepolitical banter has prompted an impasse since it overlooks the subtleties ofthe issue. Accordingly, members in the premature birth banter find commonground in the confirmation that the issue is surr

buy custom Psychiatric Nursing Philosophy Examples

purchase custom Psychiatric Nursing Philosophy Examples Individual Philosophy of Nursing Presentation Being a respectable calling, nursing relates to the consideration gave in the clinical field, by the nursing organization towards the arrangement of clinical help to existent patients (both those conceded and the released convalescents). This is accomplished through different relevant procedural measures with their application being an essential segment of day by day nursing care life. In this way, through proceeded with care, the association can accomplish more prominent viability, productivity and by and large aggregate duty as relating to the general prosperity of its different patients, conceded or released. Mental nursing in this way, involves the specific nursing calling, which fundamentally cooks for patients showing mental pain or sicknesses. All things considered, it provides food for all age-bunches n classes and tendencies, with the significant spotlight being on the treatment of such infirmities as bipolar issue, schizophrenia, dementia, gloom and psychosis among others.

The Role Of Women In Gunter Grasss free essay sample

The Role Of Women In Gunter Grass? s Cat And Mouse Essay, Research Paper The capacity that grown-up females played in Nazi Germany was somewhat one, one in which they were required to make seemingly insignificant details to help the war endeavor. The capacity grown-up females act slyly is non much better that those in Nazi Germany. It can? t be entirely decided whether these are Grass? s individual places of grown-up females, or in the event that he is looking to do a point about how unjustifiably grown-up females were treated in his clasp, yet there were two essential capacities that grown-up females played in this novel. There was the enchantress, a grown-up female who either wittingly or non, attempted to gain the entirety of the work powers she could, and there was the moronic grown-up female, who wasn? T entirely sure of what was going on, and would in general dish the soil and transport on. We will compose a custom article test on The Role Of Women In Gunter Grasss or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The characters who fit the principal portrayal are Tulla, Pilenz? s female parent and the leader? s wedded lady. All through the story, Tulla is intentionally trying to allure the male childs into a sexual action. There is the situation on the vessel, where she beseeches them all to stroke off for her ( Grass 42-45 ) and there is where she comes out have oning a peewee, dull swimwear that uncovered her as if she were exposed ( Grass 105-106 ) . This is her solitary capacity on the book ; each clasp she is referenced, she? s either making something sexual, or being considered in a sexual way. Arranged occasions all through the novel, Pilenz dreams about taking her to the movies, or procuring her to travel all the way, however nil ever happens to it. The accompanying character, Pilenz? s female parent, is simply in the novel for a short clasp, yet the solitary thing it makes reference to about her is that she is preparing supper degree Fahrenheit or on the other hand a grown-up male, and Pilenz can? t recollect which of her many work compels it is ( Grass 143 ) . The third character other than has a little capacity, yet an extremely recognizable 1. The boss? s wedded lady is simply in the story as a grown-up female who, clearly without wanting to, baits Mahlke into a hebdomad long twine of sexual brushs ( Grass 148 ) ( As a spot of a side note, there were other than the misss who gone to the location and weren? T have oning bandeaus [ Grass 85 ] ) . The two grown-up females in the account who fit the second word picture are Mahlke? s female parent and auntie. When Pilenz approaches see Mahlke, they sit about, expressing unseemly things and clatter off a great many requests. A figure of times, Mahlke is compelled to move them back onto the subject, or state them that specific requests aren? t fitting ; they can? t make sense of this without anyone else. Later on, when Pilenz meets Mahlke? s auntie in the city, she misses the criticalness of the heavily clad battle vehicles at the underside of the message, something he gets simple. She is other than losing the greater picture later when Pilenz comes over and requests interpreted meats and other durable things. She doesn? t ever figure something may be wrong, she only gives him tins of supplement and sends him on his way ( Grass 176 ) . The mean grown-up female in this account is non depicted in the best obvious radiation. In the event that it were just for that, I would trust Grass has a disgrace for grown-up females, however he incorporates the Virgin Mary. She is the focal point of this account, and is the object of Mahlke? s whole devotedness. In view of that reality, the grown-up females in the story appear to represent the way grown-up females are regularly seen, and the Virgin Mary speaks to the way they ought to be seen.

Learning Disabilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Learning Disabilities - Essay Example The investigation comprised of an example from seven schools of 1,361 consenting rudimentary understudies (678 young ladies, 683 young men; 55 with LD) of which information was gathered two months into every semester starting in the spring of third grade and closure in the fall of sixth grade. Every one of the 55 (34 young men, 21 young ladies) of the youngsters determined to have learning handicaps were in comprehensive study halls. The investigation incorporated a meta-examination of intra-bunch working, the highlights of the companion bunch according to its part estimate and its remaining inside the homeroom, and 3 different segments: being mainstream, peer assignments for closest companion, and social inclination. The outcomes from the different proportions of social working yielded that in spite of the fact that LD understudies were individuals from a friend bunch with comparable highlights as common understudies, and at a comparable rate, these understudies had lower statuses concerning the study hall all in all. These equivalent differentiations stayed reliable all through the investigation time frame notwithstanding the way that all study halls were comprehensive. Impediments of this investigation incorporate the example size of LD understudies and the specific setting primary school-as these differentiations may blur in different regions or ages.

Oil Paintings Essay Example For Students

Oil Paintings Essay Notwithstanding, with the goal for us to appropriately comprehend the Oil painting strategy, we blast initially comprehend its sythesis and capacity to make. The paint itself is made utilizing two components: colors and oil. The shades are dry coolants, for example, mineral salts and other earth types, ground-up into a fine powder and isolated by shading. In any case, since the shades couldn't hold fast to the work of art alone, oil was utilized as a cover to do only that. Normally, linseed oil was utilized in light of the fact that it can polymeric, and consequently is a drying oil (Mayer, Ralph, and Sheehan 123). Nonetheless, different oils, for example, pecan oil, sunflower oil, and tang oil are additionally utilized, particularly it the craftsman would need to change the drying times of he paint or reduce black out hues. A genuine case of a craftsman who even utilized various oils in a similar canvas was Leonardo Dad Vinci, who utilized a mix of oils while painting Adoration of the Magi, which some hypothesize was to support the craftsman to takeover this incomplete work (YMMV. Henceforward. Org)_ Additionally, there are different components to the sythesis of the oil painting that help special stepped area the paint. So as to make modifications and right components, specialists like to paint different layers; this additionally gives them the advantage of tying off the paint previously applied to he geese (white paste that covers the medium on which the work of art will be applied) without destroying the bits, which they might want to stay lasting. In any case, for the craftsman to do this, they have to apply slender layers Of paint at first (under artwork), which means they should blend the oil in with a dissolvable, for example, White spirits or turpentine to weaken the Oil. This is particularly useful for the craftsman utilizing the fat over lean strategy, where each layer of paint contains more oil than the past layer. Extra added substances would likewise incorporate varnishes that are typically produced using dammar gum precious stones broke down in turpentine, in this manner fixing he work and giving the composition a more noteworthy polish (Divide 47). The benefits of oil artworks incorporate solidness and flexibility, oil artistic creations finished utilizing appropriate drying time and appropriately made are truly strong. Oil itself is non-polar and hydrophobic, which means it will repulse water, a key component in the disintegration of numerous bits of craftsmanship. Moreover, oil really dries through oxidation, in which Nan-polar covalent bonds are administered by the ionic powers between useful gatherings and the metal particles present in the shade (Mayer, Ralph and Sheehan 125). The significant outcome is a steady elm that is bit of flexibility keeps any draining or stream from gravitational draw, as far as adaptability, varnishes consider one to deal with and complete free components over a tremendous time allotment, while likewise the tying of the varnish take into consideration the correct cleaning of canvases after numerous long periods of show. Additionally, the fine colors ground into the oil take into account more prominent optical impact and translucency, Which makes things, for example, human skin show up unmistakably more life-like. What's more, with the utilization of a smooth surface more prominent gentility is reflected in the Oil painting, Which the varnish Will help complement shading and profundity (Mayer, Ralph and Sheehan 125). This is because of the different refractions the varnish makes, subsequently making progressively viewpoint in the artistic creation itself. There arent numerous inconveniences with regards to oil painting, yet there are issues with drying time, maturing, and mixing. Drying time is a preferred position to many craftsmen, yet the individuals who like to utilize a grouping of washes with hardly a pause in between frequently discover the oil painting method troublesome (Divide 48). Additionally, most guardians would disclose to you that it takes from 60-80 years for an oil painting to complete the process of drying. Maturing concerns additionally are a significant burden, particularly when craftsmen use linseed IL, which will in general yellow or obscure with age. Be that as it may, this maturing can be smothered if the craftsman has the correct apparatuses. .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169 , .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169 .postImageUrl , .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169 , .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169:hover , .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169:visited , .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169:active { border:0!important; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169:active , .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: r elative; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enhancement: underline; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u2905fe190924341b7b0791bdfcfdb169:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Woman With the Hat by Henri Matisse EssayFinally, mixing can likewise be a key concern in light of the fact that the oil will in general haze together making the artistic creation become sloppy and detracting from unmistakable properties. The oil painting procedure is normally applied to a canvas that is made out of a material or cotton fabric and wooden cot. The canvas would then be able to be covered with creature stick and prepared with a blend of white paint and chalk. This medium has been extremely mainstream since the sixteenth century: in any case, different vehicles for oil meshes, for example, boards, flo oring, paper, and record were likewise utilized (Divide 48).

Jewish Students at Princeton

Jewish Students at Princeton November 12 Ivy Coach was cited  in an article of CNBC. We also were cited on live TV on the worlds top business channel. One of our former cases an old one has been referenced on the pages of CNBC in an article entitled How much would you pay to get your kid in Harvard? that we figured wed share with our readers. It should be noted that this case, as it appears on our case study page, is from several years ago, when Yale was under an Early Decision policy and back when Princetons Jewish population was only around 7.5%. Princetons Jewish population now hovers at around 13% for its undergraduate student body (perhaps this rise is because so many Jewish moms and dads read our blog and have been encouraging their kids to apply to Princeton over the years based on our advice?). Anyhow, as quoted in the CNBC piece, Sam, an orthodox Jewish student with an A average and between a 720 and 740 on each section of his SATs clearly understands the importance of understanding the stats. After being deferred from the early decision pool at Yale, he contacted Ivy Coach,  a private college counseling practice in Ne w York City, who advised him that Yale has a student body that is almost 30 percent Jewish and that his application brought no diversity to the school. Ivy Coach encouraged him instead to apply to Princeton, where the undergraduate Jewish population is only about 7.5 percent. He was accepted. Its a representative case example of the kinds of ways in which we at Ivy Coach help our students. We know that Princeton University doesnt have as many Jewish students as Yale University, that Jewish mothers and fathers are less likely to send their children to Princeton than they are to Yale. Were aware of these numbers and trends. We are veritable data miners. So we help our students overcome the odds  that are stacked against them by stacking the deck in their favor. Weve got lots of this kind of expertise. Since CNBC happened to publish this case example, weve written about it on our college admissions blog but the vast majority of our most valuable expertise we leave off the pages of our blog. And thats because were a business. While we love giving out free information, the juicy stuff we keep to ourselvesand to our clients. So thanks for reading our blog. We appreciate your loyal readership. But if you dont intend to become a client of ours and thats totally ok know that y oue missing out on giving your child a big advantage in the admissions process. And as to our web traffic cited in the article, thats a total typo. We get way more traffic than that. We might get that kind of traffic in a couple of hoursnot a whole day! Oy vey. But as the high schoolers like to say, Whatever. Also, while youre here, read our related post entitled Ivy League Reject.

How to Write a True Profile Essay

A good profile essay provides the readers with a thorough portrait of a personality, company, location or an event. This should be a well-crafted story that comprises as much detail about the subject as it’s possible to fit into a few pages of the essay. The word profile means that you should describe and uncover all the hidden aspects of someone or something. It’s a descriptive essay where you don’t have to persuade your readers in something. We’ll give you the steps on how to write a profile essay to make your text stand out. When writing a profile essay, your goal is to prove that your ideas and your descriptions are straight and true to life. It’s good to plan your writing process as well as to plan the whole story. Start thinking about what you already know about the person and what you need to find out. Think of what kind of information sources you will use and how reliable they are. Make a list of actions that you need to take before planning the story itself and we’ll give you the top tips on how to write a good profile essay. What is a profile essay? A profile essay is a kind of descriptive papers where you describe a living being or a thing. It can be anyone you know as a local sports celebrity or a worldwide-known singer. Or it can be any organization that can also be a little local company or a huge worldwide corporation. If you plan to interview someone, think how easy it will be to get in touch with the right person. This type of the essay supposes writing only important and valuable things for the readers. The format of profile essay Once you get the task to write a profile essay, you will feel uncomfortable with its structure. It differs from the structure of an ordinary narrative essay. But here you will have a wider choice of approaches that you can use for writing. Scroll down to see the variants. The first thing to mind is the general tone of the story. You should keep in mind that this is an academic paper, so avoid using â€Å"you† and â€Å"I† where it’s possible. Your goal is to find a balance between a formal style and the words that will evoke the readers’ interest. Mind the focus as some students make one very common error. They shift the main focus of the story from the personality to themselves. And the author of the essay shouldn’t attract so much attention. This essay is not about you or your ideas. This paper is about the person or the thing that you have chosen yourself. The structure of profile essay A profile essay writing is not rewriting a dialogue from the interview. This is not a description of how good someone or something is. We are giving you the basic tips for writing a profile essay and choosing the right structure for it. There are two major types of the structure that you can choose from: the thematic and the chronological structure. The difference is the order of the pieces of the information that you have collected. Chronological structure It’s the most common case when it comes to profile essays. You can use the chronological order of the interview. It means that you write down the information that came in the first answer. Another approach here is to describe the life of the personality from the early days until nowadays. It’s the easiest way to build up the structure of the text, so you can use it if you have a limited period of time. Thematic structure This approach comprises the use of various situations from the life of the personality. For example, you can take an episode from the family life and another episode from the professional experience. And you can compile a great story by combining the paragraphs. You don’t have to divide the main part of the essay into two or three parts devoting each to one sphere of life. You can mix the paragraphs. But make sure there’s a logical order present in your story. How to interview the person? This is the most thrilling part of the essay preparation especially if it’s one of your favorite celebrities. You can conduct an interview face-to-face or by any kind of online communication. Hopefully, it’s not so difficult to find a profile of the required person in one of the social networks. The most important thing is to figure out what to ask. And your questions should require that person provide you with a nice piece of writing. Make up the questions only after you have examined all the information about the personality. Each of the questions should be interesting for that person, so you could get a full answer containing valuable information for the essay. Don’t ask Yes/No questions or the ones that require only a short answer. And don’t ask too many questions. It will make anyone get bored. Scroll down to see our guide to writing a profile essay. How to write a profile essay outline? An outline is a very detailed plan of the essay. It will help you organize all your ideas and thoughts into a logical structure and craft your first draft with ease. When you have your interview ready, you can start writing the outline. You can do it on paper or in any word processing software. You can even draw some sketches for the outline if it helps you put your thoughts into the right order when writing a profile essay outline. The outline should make you feel comfortable, so you can add as much detail to it as possible. You have three major parts of the essay such as the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. You should divide the outline into three parts as well. The first will be the thesis statement or some facts that will help you develop it. The second part will comprise the key phrases from the interview and the last part will contain a short summary. How to write a profile essay step-by-step? You should already have a good understanding of how to write a strong profile essay. Let’s try to make up the steps on how to write a good profile essay. Follow it and get your essay well crafted. Get in touch with the person We don’t know who you are going to write an essay about, but we’re confident that getting in touch with him or her is the first thing you should do. If you fail to conduct the interview, you will have to look for someone else and you will lose time because of this. You can even get in touch with several people to make sure you will have at least someone for the interview. Think of the title When you know who you will write about, you can think of a catching title that will make the readers look inside of the paper. Of course, you should not forget that you’re crafting an academic paper, but we’re all people and we all want something intriguing and compelling. Don’t make the title boring and don’t rush to use the first words that come to your mind. Define the structure That’s right, you should clear up the structure before conducting the interview. It will be easier for you to think of the questions and see if you have enough information. If you choose the chronological order, you will need to make up questions that will comprise some specific period of time. And if you choose the thematic structure, you should think what aspects you want to write about. Make up the questions This is one of the steps to writing a profile essay that you cannot ignore. Make up from five to ten questions that require telling you a lot of information. Of course, there are magic people that can provide you with only one word even if the question requires a few sentences. You can think of a few more questions that you will use in such a case. Conduct the interview You can do in in several ways: By the phone; By online messengers; By emailing; Face-to-face. Just pick up the most suitable variant and don’t forget to thank the persona for answering your questions. And scroll down to see more tips on how to write a perfect profile essay. Develop the thesis This is the core sentence of the whole paper. It should reflect the reason why you are doing this task and what’s so special about the personality that you are writing the whole essay about him or her. This sentence should also contain the most interesting fact about the person you are writing about. You can start writing the essay from this very sentence and develop the whole story out of it. Get your text ready It’s time to make your outline and your first draft right after it. You can also google how to write a profile essay example to see how other students build up a good composition of the text. Don’t forget to edit and revise your text in a few days after you finish it. And don’t forget to proofread it as well. We have given you the most valuable tips on writing a profile essay, so do your best to make a good impression on the readers.

The Government And The Central Bank - 1641 Words

Canada’s GDP is increasing and the unemployment is decreasing. And so, a cursory glance may suggest the country is performing well. However, in order to understand how successful the Government and the Central Bank’s efforts to ameliorate the economic situation have been we need to look beyond the narrow scope of two years set out by the essay title. As the world is more global now than before and Canada’s economy is export-based we have to wider our looks outside of Canada to understand whether their actions are reasonable made. Therefor I will in this essay compare Canada with other countries which also have large natural resource reserves, such as Russia and Norway. To understand the acts of the Canadian government and the†¦show more content†¦Canada is a developed country with large natural resource reserves. Trade statistics from recent years shows that the value of natural resource exports accounts for more than half of Canada’s merchandise exports. The United States, China and The United Kingdom are Canada’s most important trade partners and where more than 80% of the merchandised exports are destined (International.gc.ca, 2015) However, unlike other nations with large natural resource reserves Canada’s economy is not solely dependent on natural resources. According to the (Nrcan.gc.ca, 2013) Government of Canada’s calculations the energy sector directly account for only 7% of the GDP and other important sectors are: Car industry, Happenings before 2013 In 2007 - 2008 the world was struck by a financial crisis which lead the Eurozone into a debt crisis. Tom Worstall (2014) is reporting on Forbes that the Nobel prize award winner Ben Bernanke has revealed the financial crisis to have been even worse than the great depression in 1929 (The Economist, 2014). Many countries are still facing issues like deflation and slow growth (Knowledge@Wharton 2015). However, Canada got through the financial crisis less damaged than other countries and has since been able to present GDP growth and decreasing unemployment. (Haltom, 2015; IHS, 2015) Monetary and Fiscal Policy Macroeconomic policy in Canada is set out in its monetary and fiscal policy. Fiscal policy attempts to control the actions the

Apple Inc An Inventive Technology Company Functioning

Apple Inc is an inventive technology company functioning in the Electronic Equipment industry. It designs, creates and markets mobile communication and media devices, computers and portable digital music players and sells a variety of related software, services, peripherals, networking solutions and third-party digital content and applications (CNN MONEY, 2015). Recently, Apple reported record second quarter results for its 2015 fiscal year ended March 28. The company posted quarterly revenue of $58 billion and quarterly net profit of $13.6 billion. In comparison to last year to revenue of $45.6 billion and net profit of $10.2 billion, which is significantly higher. However, for the past month or two Apples’ stocks have declined rapidly by†¦show more content†¦BUSINESS SUMMARY Apple, Inc was founded by Steven Paul Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Gerald Wayne on April 1, 1976 and is headquartered in Cupertino, CA. It designs, manufactures, and markets mobile communication and media devices, personal computers, portable digital music players, and sells a variety of related software, services, peripherals, and third-party digital content and applications. Its products and services include iPhone, iPad, iPod, Mac, iPod, Apple TV, a portfolio of consumer and professional software applications, the iOS and OS X operating systems, iCloud, and accessories, service and support offerings. The company also sells and delivers digital content and applications through the iTunes Store, App Store, iBooks Store, and Mac App Store. It sells its products globally through its retail stores, online stores, and direct sales force and third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, and value-added resellers to the consumer and also sells third-party iPhone, iPad, Mac and iPod compatible products, including application software, and accessories, through its online and retail stores (CNN MONEY, 2015). Industry analysis Apple serves in the Electronic Equipment industry distributing its products worldwide. The Electronic Equipment industry is expected to grow by 6%, which could be good sign for Apple as there is room for them to grow. However, in order to see how Apple are performing in the industry, I have analyzed two of the biggest

Active learning exercise (Markeing Ethics) Example

Essays on Active learning exercise (Markeing Ethics) Article Task ACTIVE LEARNING EXERCISE (MARKETING ETHICS) Introduction Moral philosophy guiding the decision-making at Ford and at Bridgestone/ Firestone The moral philosophy that guided the decision-making at the ford company was the utilitarianism perspective. This is because, Ford considered the long-term effects of their actions and decision-makings and compromised on the real safety issues that were at hand. For instance, many cars manufactured during the troubled periods when accidents occurred frequently, the top administration of the company knew the risks that were undertaken but still chose to ignore. At Bridgestone/ Firestone, the perspective taken was similar to that of Ford because they also compromised a lot on the methods of damage control of their supposed mistakes (Berkowitz, Pp.109). By deciding to close a manufacturing plant in Decatur, Illinois, they were exhibiting their ability to throw blame to show that it was not entirely their fault, that things went wrong Change of decision-making model as lawsuits mounted Sometime in 1995, an insurance company, State Farm Insurance, notified Ford that there was an increase in claims related to firestone using vehicles. Due to this, ford took it upon them self to gradually desist from using firestone tires. This was a good decision on their part, however, it came a little bit too late because some consumers had already suffered accidents owing to the tires. Bridgestone on the other hand, decided to distance them self from the whole debacle by claiming that it is the car manufacturer who was at fault and not their tires. They went further ahead to advise car owners to check frequently the tire pressure of their vehicles to maintain good performance and safety. Ford’s handling of the situation surrounding the development, marketing and subsequent recall was unethical but legal The way in which ford handled the situation was unethical but legal. Unethical because the executives put the company’s interest first and totally disregarded the safety of the consumer. They had conducted many tests on the safety of the vehicles but still ignored the underlying consequences of the minor details they had ignored (Berkowitz, Pp.110). Because of this, some of their customers died from accidents that were avoidable, had the correct measurements taken. Before mass production of the vehicles, they should have ensured maximum safety precautions are in place. In 2001, ford attempted to please their potential and current consumers by announcing a pact between them and Top Driver, Inc., a large driving school company in the USA. This partnership saw the introduction of a driver course aimed at training SUV owners on safe driving. The public received this move with hostility because it implied that accidents occurred due to irresponsible driving on the driver’s part. In the advert they ran in the media, there was a false sense of security created as the SUVs in the video, were weaving in and out of traffic to show invincibility. This was hypocritical because they claimed to offer driving courses on safety while showing that driving irresponsibly was safe. It was legal because they did not seem to break any laws during their manufacturing endeavors. For all the claims that they had to pay out, they did because they did admit that there were some faults with their automobiles. Recommendations Ford should do a whole overhaul of their decision-making methods because clearly they have no remorse for anything that happens beyond making profits for the company. This is what makes them unethical. It is important for them also to define the objectives of the company as far as customer satisfaction is concerned (Berkowitz, Pp. 108). They should consider how to handle the needs of customer first, even those that are unknown to him or her. Big companies such as Ford are trusted by consumers worldwide and should therefore have a moral obligation to protect the interest of the consumer. In light of the issues faced earlier, the lawsuits, the insurance claims and bad media campaigns, they should redirect their energy to all the safety issues raised by their engineers, safety guidelines and consumer reports. This will save them money on recalls and unnecessary lawsuits. In addition to that, ethically, it will save lives and allow them moral authority over their consumers. Works cited Berkowitz, Eric. Marketing. New York: Irwin/McGraw-Hill. 2000. Pp. 108-111.

Can we conclude that T.S.Eliots ideas about culture are...

Eliot writes of culture as the way of life of a particular people living together in one place. That culture is made visible in their arts, in their social system, in their habits and customs, in their religion.(Milner, A (1994) Contemporary Cultural Theory: An Introduction. London: UCC Press.) A culture, then according to Eliot is one which is shared in common by a whole people, although he believed it was not shared equally between the people. Eliot divided the people into two groups, the elite and the masses and considered the elite to exhibit more marked differenciations of function amongst their members than the lower types. (Eliot, T. S. (1948) The Class and The Elite: Notes towards the Definition Of Culture. London: Faber †¦show more content†¦The poetry of the Realists chose words and images and arranged them ...to set up a complex criss-crossing of associations... and set up their poems as an ...endless maze. This seems quite an accurate description of the work of T.S. Eliot himself, in whose poetry frequent criss-crossing of references emerges. It appears that this movement and its followers, who have influenced Eliot so strongly (Especially Baudelaire and Laforgue.) may be partly responsible for the frequent obscurity which appears in Eliots work. This evidence throws doubt on the claim that Eliots work and views of culture are merely elitist, it seems that the poet and his work have more depth than simply a desire for elitism in his poetry. However, Eliots views on culture have been shadowed by the frequent obscurity of the language and allusions used in his work. Eliot considered culture to have three meanings. The term culture has different associations according to whether we have in mind the developments of an individual of a group or class or of a whole society. (Eliot, T.S. (1948) Notes towards the Definition of Culture. London: Faber Faber Ltd.) Eliot believed that the differences between the three senses of culture could be best understood ...by asking how far, in relation to the individual, the group and society as a whole the conscious aim to achieve culture has any meaning. In The Three senses of Culture, Eliot criticises Arnold (Culture and

Data Security Breaches for Problems and Solutions †Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Data Security Breaches for Problems and Solutions. Answer: Introduction: On October 2015, hackers were able to gain access to T-Mobile and Experian data records. Following the attack, the two companies were sued by aggrieved customers whose records were severely exposed. In fact, according to Forbes Tech (2015), over 15 million customer records were exposed in the attack. So, why the two companies? T-Mobile uses Experian (a credit tracking company) to process its credit requirements including applications. Therefore, a breach of the records held by these companies exposed sensitive data on financial transactions. In essence, the data breach was conducted on Experian Plc. Servers where over 15 million T-Mobile customers had applied for credit applications. Moreover, the hack was an isolated incident that occurred over a short period of time. An exact time frame was never revealed, however, any customer who had applied for T-Mobiles post-paid products or services between the dates of September 2013 to 2015 was affected. Furthermore, the hackers mostly got away with personal data such as names, addresses, birthdays, social security numbers and military IDs among many others. However, the company noted that no other data was captured particularly those housing other financial records (Pagliery, 2015). How and why the breach occurred According to Krebs (renowned cyber security experts), Experian application portal was to blame for the attack. In his analysis, Krebs noted that Experians analysis and decision credit portal allowed users to upload any file attachment regardless of the type. Therefore, through these attachments, the hackers were able to upload malicious files that affected the companys database. Moreover, this type of attack is pretty common whereby attackers inject malware to an organisations database disrupting operations or as in this case harvest sensitive data. In addition to this, the attack was also aggravated by the fact that Experian did not request its users to subscribe to a username or password before uploading their files. In a nutshell, this meant any anonymous person could upload a file without any form of authentication or authorization (Wired, 2015). A quick analysis of the hack outlined the following; through the unprotected upload facility, the intruders gained access to the companys servers (Experian). Moreover, the said upload facility enabled malware to the uploaded into the system to harvest information however, the encryption method used to encrypt customer data was not provided, which raised more questions. Therefore, the breach may have occurred to acquire customer personal data but the intruder should have never been able to decipher the information. Moreover, the data was actually decrypted as noted by experts who claimed to have seen the data been auctioned in the dark web (Larson, 2015). Now, because of this outcome, the plaintiff to the lawsuit accused both companies of negligence as the information provided (in the dark web) placed the users (customers) at risk. However, even more, worrying was Experian solution to the problem which suggested an extended free service to the customers after a thorough assessment tha t needed the same customers to provide more confidential information (Pagliery). Information is the new currency of business, organisations spend heavily on protecting their data particularly that of their customers who rely on these organisations to protect them. This case study depicts a serious threat and vulnerability of cyber systems. To begin with, Experian and T-Mobile should have included thorough authentication as well authorization protocols before enabling its users to upload files. Moreover, if these functionalities were never in place, both organisations with their massive revenues should have done regular risk assessments to identify vulnerabilities in their systems (Bennett, 2013). Nevertheless, their existing approach could have been done to facilitate an easier transaction with their system however, a systems usability should never come at the price of security. At best a basic access control feature should have been incorporated. In addition to this, these organisations can enact information content management procedures where users encrypt their own personal data before uploading to the system. Commonly known as enterprise right management (ERM), this procedure encrypts documents and provide rules on who can access the said files (Verizon, 2015). Therefore, from the said encryption, files can transverse any network or communication channels without fear of compromise or intrusion. This outlook would have helped Experian whose customer records would have been safe regardless of the intruders accessing the files (encrypted with the access rules). On the other hand, T-Mobile should have included thorough security assessment as part of their acquisition process i.e. when partnering with Experian. This precaution would have identified the risks associated with Experian systems (Forbes 2015). Nevertheless, the major security violation, in this case, was a negligent system that exposed confidential data to the internet without any form of authentication. Experian should change its systems drastically to incorporate competent authentication procedures to their upload services. Moreover, they must conduct regular security assessment regardless of whether they face attacks or not (FTC, 2015). JPMorgan chase hack JPMorgan Chase, a renowned financial institution experienced one of the biggest security breaches in 2014. In the said attack, intruders gained access to over 100 million records of the companys customers. Moreover, this attack compromised more than one aspect of the organisations resources, this included household users, businesses and even charity branches of JPMorgan. In addition to this, the attack hacked several systems of the organisations publishers system which essentially affected the authenticity of the information produced (Crowe, 2015). According to JPMorgan, the intruders gained access to the companys servers accessing customers confidential information such as names, telephone numbers, and addresses. Furthermore, they also gained access to other sensitive information that was undisclosed at the time due to security outcomes. Nevertheless, despite this massive intrusion, JPMorgan held to the notation that the hack did not affect their financial records which maintained the accuracy of their banking details (Weise, 2014). Their evidence for this perception was based on the fact that no account files were compromised by the attack. Which meant, the intruders never gained access to the banks account numbers, IDs and social security numbers. However, this information was refuted by the New York Times who outlined the severity of the attack. In their report, the New York Times suggested that the intruders gained maximum access to JPMorgans systems through the authorization they acquired, which was the highest access lev el possible. In other reviews by Kerb (2015), the intruders acquired maximum privileges to over 90 servers owned by the financial institution across the globe. This outcome gave the hackers root access control over the organisations financial services including their confidential information, manipulation of accounts (open and close) and the ability to transfer funds. Therefore, when needed, the hackers could do whatever they wanted with minimal restrictions. However, as stated before, the organisations financial systems were unaffected despite the criminals extensive access which fueled the notation of future attacks through vulnerabilities left by the perpetrators. Today, reputable organisations like JPMorgan employ sophisticated security measures to avoid attacks such as the one seen in this case study. In the attack, one would expect an extensive and sophisticated attack technique sourced from the dark web, however, this intrusion was instigated by a simple if not negligent security flaw. First, the cybercriminals acquired an employees login (confidential) information. From this resource, they accessed the organisations systems and used them to manipulate other control information more so, the pump and dump resource for the online stock exchange scheme. Now, it is through this scheme, that the intruders gained massive earnings using the online processing systems that controlled services such as online gambling (Farrell Hurtado, 2015). Furthermore, the intruders used a clever access option to avoid detection in that they exploited the affiliate system linked to JPMorgans data. Therefore, through the stolen credential, they accessed different systems owned by the organisation across different branches in the world. To start with, they hacked websites owned by charity organisations hosted by JPMorgan. In fact, according to the final assessment, a charity website was the first intrusion point of the hack (Goldstein, Perlroth Corkery, 2014). Therefore through this intricate plan, the cybercriminals went undetected for many months while exploiting the vulnerabilities hosted by the institution. After the intrusions were detected many feared coordinated attack on United States systems, however, because of the simple security flaw, negligence was concluded to be the root cause of the problem. Solutions and Preventing the Attack At the beginning of the incidence, security experts thought that malicious malware sourced from the dark web was used to compromise JPMorgans systems, however, following a thorough assessment the credential flaw was discovered to being the problem. Again, as seen in the previous case study, JPMorgan needs to invest in competent security measures. First, on authentication procedures and secondly, on authorization policies. Yes, sensitive data was stolen (login credential) but the system should have had other extended protocols to identify the user without any reasonable doubt. A simple solution to this outcome would have been a multiple authentication procedures, where more than one variable is used to identify the users of JPMorgans systems (TRC, 2015). For instance, the login credential can be combined with biometric scanners to verify the user who requests access. Moreover, the login credentials should only have a limited access, where further authorization is needed to gain access to other extended systems. Finally, the access codes should also be limited and changed regularly to contain the losses just in case they fall into the wrong hands (Verizon, 2015). Nevertheless, another problem is also showcased by this case study, that of network vulnerabilities. Many organisations today face a considerable challenge in maintaining a strong security system throughout the year regardless of the business outcomes. This attack also went undetected because they organisation at the time focused on payment processes because it was at a turnover period. Therefore, minor systems such as charity websites were neglected which fuelled the attack (Valdetero Zetoony, 2014). Moreover, JPMorgan, as seen before, failed to assess its affiliate organisations during acquisition. Therefore, the organisation should also employ security assessments before acquiring and integrating new systems into their extended services (Forbes, 2015). In summary, JPMorgans attack could have been prevented with basic security measures, for one, employees should not have access information prescribed in their badges. Secondly, even if access cards are used, another variable should be used to authenticate the user e.g. a one-time password. Moreover, access must be limited across the system owned by the organisation, no one time pin should serve as a wholesome access to the companys system. In addition to this, regular assessments should be done to detect and identify system vulnerabilities or even existing threats such as the attack experienced (FTC, 2015). References Bennett. S. (2013). Data Security Breaches: Problems And Solutions. Jones day. Retrieved 14 April, 2017, from: https://www.jonesday.com/files/Publication/2dbb7406-ba13-4305-902a-8f2c65ef3d49/Presentation/PublicationAttachment/301495c5-31c8-4881-8202-9dd8665df004/TPL0812-Bennett.pdf Crowe. P. (2015). JPMorgan fell victim to the largest theft of customer data from a financial institution in US history. Retrieved 4 March, 2017, from: https://www.businessinsider.com/jpmorgan-hacked-bank-breach-2015-11?IR=T Farrell. G Hurtado. (2015). JPMorgan's 2014 Hack Tied to Largest Cyber Breach Ever. Bloomberg. Retrieved 4 March, 2017, from: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-11-10/hackers-accused-by-u-s-of-targeting-top-banks-mutual-funds Federal Trade Commission (FTC). (2015). Data breach response. A guide of business. Retrieved 14 April, 2017, from: https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/documents/plain-language/pdf-0154_data-breach-response-guide-for-business.pdf Forbes. (2015). The Top 10 Security Breaches Of 2015. Tech. Retrieved 14 April, 2017, from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2015/12/31/the-top-10-security-breaches-of-2015/6/#4ae5d13e377a Goldstein. M, Perlroth. N Corkery. M. (2014). Neglected Server Provided Entry for JPMorgan Hackers. Deal book. Retrieved 4 March, 2017, from: https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2014/12/22/entry-point-of-jpmorgan-data-breach-is-identified/ Krebs. (2016). Hyatt Card Breach Hit 250 Hotels in 50 Nations. Retrieved 4 March, 2017, from: https://krebsonsecurity.com/2016/01/hyatt-card-breach-hit-250-hotels-in-50-nations/ Larson. E. (2015). T-Mobile, Experian Sued Over Data Hack Affecting 15 Million. Bloomberg technology. Retrieved 14 April, 2017, from: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-10-07/t-mobile-experian-sued-over-hack-on-15-million-customers Pagliery. J. (2015). T-Mobile customers' info breached after Experian hack. CNN Tech. Retrieved 14 April, 2017, from: https://money.cnn.com/2015/10/01/technology/tmobile-experian-data-breach/ TRC. (2015). Data breach report. IDT911. Retrieved 03 March, 2017, from: https://www.idtheftcenter.org/images/breach/DataBreachReports_2015.pdf Valdetero. J Zetoony. D. (2014). Data security breaches; incidence preparedness and response. Washington legal foundation. Retrieved 03 March, 2017, from: https://www.bryancave.com/images/content/2/2/v2/2285/DataBreachHandbookValdeteroandZetoony.pdf Verizon. (2015). 2015 data breach investigation report. Verizon enterprise solution. Retrieved 14 April, 2017, from: https://msisac.cisecurity.org/whitepaper/documents/1.pdf Weise E. (2014). JP Morgan reveals data breach affected 76 million households. USA today. Retrieved 4 March, 2017, from: https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2014/10/02/jp-morgan-security-breach/16590689/ Wired. (2015). Hack Brief: Hackers Steal 15M T-Mobile Customers Data from Experian. Retrieved 14 April, 2017, from: https://www.wired.com/2015/10/hack-brief-hackers-steal-15m-t-mobile-customers-data-experian/

To What Degree was Reconstruction after the Civil Essay Example For Students

To What Degree was Reconstruction after the Civil Essay War successful Reconstruction was successful politically in its attempts to solve the problems of how to deal with the newly freed slaves and how to bring the seceded states back into the Union after the Civil War; however, many of these methods were unsuccessful or had no effect socially or economically. Some solutions determined by Reconstruction included: the passage of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments; the Freedmens Bureau; the Reconstruction Act of 1837, the Civil Rights Act, and the Enforcement Act of 1870. In 1865, Congress ratified the Thirteenth Amendment, which stated that Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States. Simply put, the Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery. The passage of this amendment was successful politically; however, many states did not readily enforce this law. Many even passed discriminatory laws known as black codes. These laws were seen by Republicans as the driving vehicle for the reconstitution of the Democratic Party in the South. The black codes placed numerous restrictions on African-Americans including the prohibition of blacks to carry weapons, serve on juries, testify against whites, marry whites, start their own businesses, and travel without permits. The Thirteenth Amendment allowed for the freedom of African-Americans, but they were far from equal. However, with the help of the Freedmens Bureau, former slaves began to slowly pull themselves back up. The Freedmens Bureau was created by Congress just before the war to aid refugees, freedmen, and Southerners who had been uprooted by the Civil War by furnishing supplies and medical services, establishing schools, distributing clothing, and much more. Although the Freedmens Bureau lasted only a short time, it did succeed in establishing and assisting numerous educational institutions including Howard University and Hampton Institute. The Bureau also succeeded in providing work for families who needed it the most. Congress voted in February of 1866 for the continuation of the Bureau. This law was very successful in employing and assisting many of the freed slaves after the war. It most definitely was a successful solution to one of the main problems after the warhow to deal with the newly freed slaves. Because of the acutely enforced Thirteenth Amendment, Congress later passed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and the Fourteenth Amendment. The Civil Rights Act extended citizenship to all persons born in the United States and not subject to any foreign powerof every race and color, without regard to any previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude. It also forbade states from passing discriminatory laws like the black codes. The Fourteenth Amendment, passed to reinforce and reiterate the Thirteenth Amendment, made all persons born or naturalized in the United States citizens of the country. Everyone, regardless of color, was entitled to equal protection of the law and the states were enjoined from violating the rights of citizens to life, liberty, property, and equal protection of laws. To protect the civil rights of African-Americans, Congress passed the Reconstruction Act of 1867. This act allowed former Confederate states to reenter the Union if they agreed to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment and grant African-American men the right to vote in their new state constitutions. The act also divided the ten former Confederate states into five military districts, each headed by a Union general to ensure the laws were carried through. This act was very successful not only because it allowed former Confederate states to peacefully reenter the Union, but because it protected the civil rights of African-Americans and allowed them to execute their votes. As a result of this act, all remaining Confederate states agreed to set forth terms and were reentered into the Union by 1870. After the inauguration of Ulysses Grant, Republicans introduced the Fifteenth Amendment in fear that pro-Confederate Southern whites would try to place limits on black suffrage. This amendment stated that no one could be kept from voting because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. However, the Fifteenth Amendment did not succeed in making it possible for qualified African-Americans to exercise their right to vote. .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 , .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 .postImageUrl , .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 , .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0:hover , .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0:visited , .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0:active { border:0!important; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0:active , .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0 .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6b9f8846af0e5942dd8799ee707b46e0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: What My Mentor Taught Me Essay Therefore, the Enforcement Acts of 1870 and 1871 were enacted to protect the voting rights of .

OF MICE AND MEN Essays (11137 words) - , Term Papers

OF MICE AND MEN KEY LITERARY ELEMENTS SETTING This book is set in two places. It starts beside a stream, close to the Salinas River, a few miles South of Soledad. It then moves to a ranch, where the major part of the story is set. At the end of the novel, the setting comes back to where it started. The stream introduces George and Lennie. They are on their way to a near-by ranch. The surrounding land is thick in vegetation and has its own wild life. Men frequent it, as there are ash piles made by many fires and the limbs of the sycamore tree have been smoothed by the many men who have sat on it. The ranch, where the major part of the story takes place, appears isolated and lonely. It includes a ranch house, a bunkhouse where the ranch workers live, a barn, and a harness-room off the barn. CHARACTERS Major Characters George - the protagonist and main character of the book. He is a caring, compassionate, and understanding human being who dreams of owning his own piece of land. Lennie - the obedient friend of George. He has a child's mind and a giant's body. It is these contrasting qualities that cause him problems. Old Candy - one of the lonely ranch workers. He is a cripple, working as a 'Swamper'. Crooks - a black ranch hand. He is sensible and neat, with a mind of his own. He is a lonely character, who is discriminated against, due to his race. Slim - a ranch worker with leadership qualities. He commands respect from all on the ranch. Curley - the boss's son who is a light weight boxer. He picks fights with everybody on the ranch. Curley's wife - the only woman on the ranch. She is very flirtatious. Minor Characters Carlson - a brutal man. He objects to Candy keeping his old dog. Whit - a ranch worker. He is sent to town to fetch the Sheriff after Curley's wife is murdered. The Boss - a 'mice fella' (in Candy's words). He is more concerned about his work on the ranch than anyone else. CONFLICT Protagonist: The protagonist of the story is George. He is the kind-hearted ranch hand who is concerned about his friend Lennie and watches out for him. Antagonist: The antagonist of the story is George's trying to care for the handicapped Lennie. Because he has a giant's body and a child's mind, Lennie accidentally kills Curley's wife; at the same time he kills the dream of owning a farm that has kept George and Lennie positive about the future Climax: The climax occurs when Lennie accidentally kills Curley's wife. George knows that he can no longer save Lennie, for Curley will want revenge. Outcome: Of Mice and Men ends in tragedy. George feels compelled to mercifully kill his friend and companion, Lennie, in order to save him from a brutal death. The death of Lennie also marks the death of the beautiful dream they have been nurturing. MOOD The dominant mood of the story is that of expectation. This mood is developed through the dreams of the major characters. The other mood that prevails is premonitory, of impending doom. There are also other moods evoked through the actions of the characters reflecting sorrow, pity, and brutality. The novel ends on a tragic note. The mood at the end is definitely one of depression and frustration. PLOT (Synopsis) One evening, two men, on their way to a ranch, stop at a stream near the Salinas River. George, who is short and dark, leads the way. The person following him is Lennie, a giant of a man with huge arms. During their conversation by the stream, George repeatedly asks Lennie to keep his mouth shut on the ranch, suggesting that Lennie has some kind of problem. After supper and before going to sleep, the two of them talk about their dream to own a piece of land. The next day, George and Lennie travel to the ranch to start work. They are given two beds in the bunkhouse. Then Old Candy introduces them to almost everybody on the ranch. They meet the boss and the boss's son Curley, who is quite rude. They also meet Curley's wife when she comes looking for her husband. She wears heavy make-up and possesses a flirtatious attitude. George warns Lennie to behave his best around Curley and his wife. He also suggests that they should meet by the pool if anything unfortunate happens to either

Essay Conclusion Sample

Essay Conclusion SampleWhen you are ready to write an essay, you will want to think about whether to use an essay conclusion or use a simple opinion essay. Both types of essays have their pros and cons, but in the end, most people will write an opinion essay to express their personal feelings about a particular subject.An opinion essay can also be used to make a point. In fact, many schools like to allow students to write their essays in this way. After all, when students are writing for the school paper, they are often considered to be making a point or stating a point of view, and no one wants to be seen as being unduly opinionated. Therefore, a good essay conclusion that supports the point being made is very important.A good essay conclusion for an opinion piece should be three to four sentences long. Make sure it is strong and supported by your argument. Try to come up with five or six supporting ideas for each sentence you include. You don't want to ramble on too much and lose t he reader's attention, so make sure you cover the basics and get right to the point.Sometimes the first paragraph of an essay conclusion can contain an essay quote. Remember, though, that it should not take the place of the argument you have made. It should only be used to support what you have written.In most cases, an essay conclusion sample will include your name, date, and grade. However, it can be something else if you would like. The important thing is that you have included your name so that you can be identified later in the process.Since you now know what an essay conclusion sample looks like, you should think about what you are going to write in order to follow the directions. This is where your imagination comes in handy. Think about a specific situation that is affecting you or someone else you know today. Decide what you would like to write about in your essay conclusion. If you are able to think of several possibilities, try to keep the idea organized and set up the es say topics so that they are easy to remember.Writing an essay conclusion should be easy if you follow the steps above. And once you start writing, you will find it easy to write as well.

Nicomachean Ethics Essays - Social Philosophy, Virtue Ethics

Nicomachean Ethics Essays - Social Philosophy, Virtue Ethics Nicomachean Ethics Philosophy 11/15/99 Achieving excellence in terms of Aristotle's Nichomachean Ethics Before actually focusing on the main details of Aristotle's Argument, we must pay careful attention to the opening remarks he makes in Book I about the nature of his inquiry. The first important point that he stresses is that the study of the character of human beings is dependent on what a human being is. Aristotle states that that a human is not a man that lives in isolation, but a man that also lives with parents, children, wife, and friends and fellow citizens generally, since man is by nature a social and political being. Humans, in other words, derive their identity and accordingly their moral purposes from their participation in their community, from the interaction with their parents, ancestors, friends, customs, institutions and laws. Because of this, every ethical uncertainty or question must be resolved by taking into account the essential and political basis of human life. If one is to discuss what it is that makes a man good, we have to really be considering which decisi ons will actually benefit or make the society good. Aristotle sees that individual as being a part as a part of a large and complex group of people with member of all sorts of capabilities. The purpose of each individuals life is evaluated in relation to the other members of the community. Although different communities live by different rules and strive for different goods, is possible to reach an understanding of what moral excellence is in any community by studying what it is that constitutes effective community membership. Another important observation made by Aristotle is the fact that to study human ethics, we must focus on the world around us. We must focus on the traditions of our community, the accepted theories of earlier philosophers, especially those most famous for their wisdom. These theories we must study, not so as to find inconsistencies in them, but to try to discover what it is they have in common and how they can affect our understanding of what the best way to live is. Aristotle also underlines the fact that everything we learn from the observations we make will be nothing more than an approximate approach for dealing with ethical questions. Ethics is not an exact science. One last introductory point is that this approach is intended only for those who already have some sense of virtue instilled in them. To understand some of the principals of moral conduct requires some existing sense of virtue. Aristotle then proceeds to explain that all human activities have a specific goal or end to them. Although not much proof is given to back this up, it is essential to his argument because it infers that the nature of goodness is linked to some final destination. The excellence of humans is linked to their growth towards to some realization of his best nature. Once he has established the notion that all human activities are directed by some final goal, Aristotle proceeds to define the final goal in human life should be. He searches for the most important activity that we pursue for its own sake, something above all other goods. This final goal is happiness. He gives a sense that happiness is derived from success. A full happy life will include success no only and necessarily for oneself, but for all of one's family as well. We do not achieve happiness by actively seeking it, but rather by following the pursuit of all the other goods. Aristotle then proceeds to explain that every object, living or dead has a specific function for which it is designed. The excellence of a person will be derived by how well he fulfills his function. Sine a human being is designed above all to be a social and political being, then excellence in humans should be measured by how well they can carry out their political or social roles. By putting together all of the above notions, Aristotle offers his listeners a fundamental moral principal. A good man is one whose life, which should consist of trying to achieve set goals, is in conformity with excellence or virtue. It is understandable that there is a difference between being successful

Should conscience always come first in making ethical choices Essay

Should conscience always come first in making ethical choices - Essay Example Thus, it is beyond any doubt that it is particularly important in the decision making process. This paper will argue that in spite of being abstract notion, conscience should always come first in making ethical choices. To begin with, one should point out that it is generally thought that there is no stable algorithm which is able to determine every single decision that a person makes. In other words, â€Å"route to a decision is not predetermined by the mechanism. In this case we need an additional theory to explain voluntary choice†1. This means that the idea of conscience may become the element which is able to make the issue of the nature of the decision making process easier to understand. Indeed, when it comes to analyzing making a decision, there is a considerable number of variables that a person should take into account. Keeping that in mind, it is rather difficult to design a fine as well as well structured approach towards decision making in general. That is why one might heavily rely on conscience when it comes to the issue in question as this concept may provide a person with the required categories that could be later used to make a decision which a person considers to be corre ct. Another important implication that the lack of clearly defined mechanism of the decision making hold is that a person is free to choose its elements. In other words, some people might find it effective to rely on conscience while making a decision and other will dismiss this notion. Thus, the evidence as well as practice shows that if conscience comes first in the decision making process it brings positive consequences. However, a person should approach the notion of conscience with caution. The opponents of this argue that â€Å"conscience has become [the] mystery of decision-making, the enigma to which man assigns human quandaries and upon which he builds this artificial speculation as to the source of moral human choices†2. As a result this point of view

Community and Citizenship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Community and Citizenship - Essay Example The latter is mainly about how the elements of capitalism and urban living have transformed the dynamics of the community from the solid communal relationship to a mere arena of exchanges that promote the interests of individuals. The traditional community becomes the more interesting of the two and we can see this as Robyn Ferrel narrated a rural Australian experience. In the narrative, there was the European attempt in establishing settlements and, consequently, in building new communities in an unchartered land. Such experience is characterized by several elements that are fundamental in several other discourses such as in understanding utopia, democracy and citizenship. From both of the pieces, Community and Pinjarra 1970, one finds that communities evolve. It does not follow, however, that when change occurs, the very concept of community is threatened to be eliminated. There is the lesson of history to remind us of the significance of the past and the traditions that holds soci ety together. Topic 2: Communitarian Identity In reading Mark Reinhardt and Seyla Banhabib’s works, it is easy to understand how communitarian identity is seen as the ideological opposition to the liberal identity.

Prison recidivism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Prison recidivism - Research Paper Example or excitement, wanting to get more than what one presently possess (greed), desire to impose oneself on others (lust) and to apply violent behavior due to anger, disgust, and other strong emotions (rage). The problem arises when people entertain the proliferation of these human urges beyond the laws and rules set by society. In study conducted by Burton and Marshall significantly explained pathways to criminal behavior by citing the research of Moffitt who distinguished and categorized two types of antisocial people: the life-course-persistent individuals who have been identified to be susceptible to persistently manifest in continuous engagement of deviant behavior; and the adolescence-limited, as the term implies, are only involved in criminal behavior in a temporal state, usually during the development stage of adolescence when other skills and behavioral facets are still an ongoing process of growth (Moffitt 674; cited in Burton and Marshall 47). Citing additional researches, Bur ton and Marshall stated that â€Å"entering the criminal justice at an early age generally leads to an increase in future offending† (Burton and Marshall 47). At this point, the research would determine factors that increase the chance of individuals to engage in criminal activities. Factors for Prison Recidivism The results of diverse studies on crime have paved to way for researches to indicate that there are common factors that have been found to increase the tendencies for individuals to engage in antisocial and deviant behavior. Burton and Marshall have enumerated the risk factors, defined as â€Å"factors that increase the risk occurrence of events, such as the onset, frequency, persistence, or duration of offending† (Farrington, Industrial, family and peer factors in the development of... It has been explicitly stated that people who have previously exhibited and manifested criminal behavior have greater tendencies and susceptibilities for relapse, especially for those who fall under the identified profile: those who have committed or have potentials to commit theft and drug offenses;younger individuals; male; and foreigners trying to support and sustain their living in another country. From the given prisoner profile, the identification of factors that increase the propensities for ex-convicts to relapse and engage in future criminal activities require closer evaluation of these resource difficulties and address them to prevent recidivism. By identifying the root causes for criminal behavior, at the onset, community organizations tasked with providing social welfare programs should focus on enhancing support from the family and strengthening family relationships. The identified familial problems should be detected and social workers for spouses and children of prison ers must be oriented to strengthen their bonds through counseling, offering interventions and holistic support; as well as determining ways and means to provide educational and employment support, as required. The research studies cited by Burton and Marshall validated the argument that criminal offenders who entered the criminal justice system at an early age have greater tendencies to relapse (Farrington; Moffitt; McGuire as cited in Burton and Marshall 47).

Darkness and Evil in Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Darkness and Evil in Macbeth  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Darkness in our society is indicative of evil. For instance, a black cat, a dark night, and a dark place are all symbolic of diablerie. Authors use these symbols to describe an evil character or setting. William Shakespeare employs the imagery of darkness in Act 4 of his play Macbeth to describe the agents of disorder. The witches, Macbeth, and Scotland are all described as dark because they represent the agents of chaos.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The witches in the first scene of Act 4 are depicted as agents of chaos because of the dark domain around them. The witches meet in a dark cave. The cave is an appropriate setting for the witches because caves tend to represent the under-world and hell, creating a feeling of evil. The witches appearance, "secret, black, and midnight hags" also indicates their evil nature. The witches dark meeting place and dark appearance all emphasize their destructive nature.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Macbeth in Act 4: consulted with the witches, murdered Macduff's family, and continued to create chaos in Scotland. Macbeth   in Act 4 is described as an agent of disorder, "untitled tyrant   bloody-sceptered". The language in Act 1 that described Macbeth has changed from "noble" and "kind" to the diction of Act 4 witch describes Macbeth as "black Macbeth" and a "tyrant". The Castle that Macbeth lives in, Dunsanine is also indicative of darkness. Dunsanine is similar to the word dungeon a dark and dirty place. In Act 4 Macbeth is an agent of disorder, he murders and he consults witches,   because of this he is described using dark imagery.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Scotland under the rule of Macbeth is described as, "shrouded   in darkness", by Malcolm. Scotland in Act 4 has fallen off the "Chain   of Being" and is now occupied with the forces of chaos and disorder.   Scotland in Act 4 is filled with "sighs, and groans, and shrieks, that   rent the air". Scotland is described by Ross as, "O Nation Miserable".   All these descriptions of Scotland portray Scotland as a place where the agents of darkness have shrouded the land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The agents of chaos and disorder were symbolized by darkness in Act 4. The witches were described as, "dark as midnight"; Macbeth was described as , "devilish and dark"; and Scotland was described as "dying". The imagery of darkness also plays an important role in character development.

Mercedes-Benz Advertising Brief & Strategy

Annual Report 2011. Key Figures Daimler Group 2011 Amounts in millions of euros Revenue Western Europe thereof Germany NAFTA thereof United States Asia thereof China Other markets Employees (December 31) Investment in property, plant and equipment Research and development expenditure thereof capitalized Free cash flow of the industrial business EBIT Value added Net profit/loss Earnings/loss per share (in â‚ ¬) Total dividend Dividend per share (in â‚ ¬) 106,540 39,387 19,753 26,026 22,222 22,643 11,093 18,484 271,370 4,158 5,634 1,460 989 8,755 3,726 6,029 5. 2 2,346 2. 20 97,761 38,478 19,281 23,582 20,216 19,659 9,094 16,042 260,100 3,653 4,849 1,373 5,432 7,274 2,773 4,674 4. 28 1,971 1. 85 78,924 36,458 18,788 19,380 16,569 12,435 4,349 10,651 256,407 2,423 4,181 1,285 2,706 -1,513 -4,644 -2,644 -2. 63 0 0. 00 2010 2009 11/10 % change +91 +2 +2 +10 +10 +15 +22 +15 +4 +14 +16 +6 -82 +20 +34 +29 +24 +19 +19 1 Adjusted for the effects of currency translation, increase in reven ue of 10%. Divisions 011 Amounts in millions of euros Mercedes-Benz Cars EBIT Revenue Return on sales Investment in property, plant and equipment Research and development expenditure thereof capitalized Unit sales Employees (December 31) Daimler Trucks EBIT Revenue Return on sales Investment in property, plant and equipment Research and development expenditure thereof capitalized Unit sales Employees (December 31) Mercedes-Benz Vans EBIT Revenue Return on sales Investment in property, plant and equipment Research and development expenditure thereof capitalized Unit sales Employees (December 31) Daimler Buses EBIT Revenue Return on sales Investment in property, plant and equipment Research and development expenditure thereof capitalized Unit sales Employees (December 31) Daimler Financial Services EBIT Revenue New business Contract volume Investment in property, plant and equipment Employees (December 31) 1,312 12,080 33,521 71,730 21 7,065 162 4,418 3. 7% 103 225 32 39,741 17,495 83 5 9,179 9. 1% 109 358 126 264,193 14,889 1,876 28,751 6. 5% 1,201 1,321 251 425,756 77,295 5,192 57,410 9. 0% 2,724 3,733 1,051 1,381,416 99,091 2010 2009 11/10 % change 4,656 53,426 8. % 2,457 3,130 940 1,276,827 96,281 -500 41,318 -1. 2% 1,618 2,696 913 1,093,905 93,572 +12 +7 . +11 +19 +12 +8 +3 1,332 24,024 5. 5% 1,003 1,282 373 355,263 71,706 -1,001 18,360 -5. 5% 597 1,116 368 259,328 70,699 +41 +20 . +20 +3 -33 +20 +8 451 7,812 5. 8% 91 267 29 224,224 14,557 26 6,215 0. 4% 113 193 0 165,576 15,226 +85 +17 . +20 +34 +334 +18 +2 215 4,558 4. 7% 95 223 31 39,118 17,134 183 4,238 4. 3% 78 212 5 32,482 17,188 -25 -3 . +8 +1 +3 +2 +2 831 12,788 29,267 63,725 12 6,742 9 11,996 25,066 58,350 14 6,800 +58 -6 +15 +13 +75 +5 Daimler Marken Mercedes-Benz Cars Daimler Trucks Mercedes-Benz Vans Daimler Buses Daimler Financial ServicesInnovation and Growth We invented the automobile – and now we are passionately shaping its future. As automotive pioneers, we see it as both motivation and a duty to continue our tradition with groundbreaking technologies and superior products. We do our very best for customers who expect the best, and we live and breathe a culture of operational excellence based on shared values. Our corporate history features numerous innovations and pioneering achievements; they are the foundation and ongoing inspiration for our claim to leadership in the auto ­ motive industry. At the same time, our thoughts and actions are guided by the principle of sustainable mobility.With tailored products, we intend to enter new markets and attract additional groups of customers. Our goal is to lead our industry in terms of unit sales, revenue and profitability – and to do so in all the businesses in which we are active. By means of profitable growth, we want to create lasting added value – for our shareholders, customers and employees, and for society in general. Dieter Zetsche Wolfgang Bernhard Christine Hohmann ­Dennhardt Wilfried Port h Andreas Renschler Bodo Uebber Thomas Weber Contents This Annual Report focuses on the innovative products and services with which we intend to utilize the growth opportunities offered worldwide while making a contribution to the mobility of the future.More details are provided inside, especially on pages 28-69. General information on Daimler and on the year 2011 can be found in the first section of the report. The Group’s financial position, liquidity and capital resources, and profitability are described and analyzed in the Management Report. Other sections provide information on our divisions, the topic of sustainability, corporate governance and the consolidated financial statements. 2 Annual Report 2011 | Contents 1 | To Our Shareholders (pages 4-27) 4 10 14 16 22 24 Important Events in 2011 Chairman’s Letter The Board of Management Report of the Supervisory Board The Supervisory Board Daimler Shares | Sustainability (pages 144-155) 146 148 152 154 Sustainability at Daimler Innovation, Safety and the Environment Human Resources Social Responsibility 6 | Corporate Governance (pages 156-175) 2 | Innovation and Growth (pages 28-69) 30 36 40 46 52 58 62 66 Innovation on a Grand Scale The New Compact Cars The Fascination of Electric Mobility What Will Move Us Tomorrow? Global Success Made by Daimler Customer Care Worldwide The Future Is Our Element The Avant-garde of Future Mobility 158 161 167 169 175 Report of the Audit Committee Remuneration Report Integrity and Compliance Corporate Governance Report Declaration of Compliance with the German Corporate Governance Code | Consolidated Financial Statements (pages 176-251) 178 179 Consolidated Statement of Income Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income/Loss Consolidated Statement of Financial Position Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements Responsibility Statement Independent Auditors’ Report 3 | Management Report (pages 70-127) 72 86 98 105 108 111 112 113 121 Business and General Conditions Profitability Liquidity and Capital Resources Financial Position Daimler AG (Condensed version according to HGB) Overall Assessment of the Economic Situation Events after the End of the 2011 Financial Year Risk Report Outlook 180 181 182 183 250 251 | Additional Information (pages 252-256) 252 254 255 256 Ten Year Summary Glossary Index International Representative Offices Internet | Information | Addresses Daimler Worldwide Financial Calendar 2012 4 | The Divisions (pages 128-143) 130 134 138 140 142 Mercedes-Benz Cars Daimler Trucks Mercedes-Benz Vans Daimler Buses Daimler Financial Services 3 1 | To Our Shareholders | Important Events in 2011 Important Events Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz invented the automobile in 1886. The year 2011 was therefore marked by the commemoration of the 125th anniversary of the auto mobile, which started on January 29 with the official celebrations at the Mercedes-Benz Museum. They were followed by various public events, including several organized during the Automobile Summer in Stuttgart.Our employees enthusiastically celebrated the anniversary at numerous parties in the production plants and sales-and-service centers. Following in the footsteps of Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz, we will reinvent the automobile again and again, thus shaping the future of mobility. And in jubilee year 2011, we created the right conditions for sustainable and profitable growth with a burst of new models and some important strategic decisions. 2011 Q1. 11 25th anniversary of the automobile. On January 29, 1886, Carl Benz changed the world. He applied to the Berlin Patent Office to register his â€Å"vehicle with gas-engine propulsion† under patent number 37435.Daimler starts jubilee year 2011 with official celebrations under the heading â€Å"125! Years Inventor of the Automobile. † Daimler and Toray found a joint venture. Toray Indu stries, Inc. and Daimler plan to jointly produce and market automobile components made of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP). New C-Class coupe. The two-door has its world premiere at the Geneva Motor Show in early March 2011. It deliberately targets new customers as well as existing ones, and allows a particularly sporty entry into the coupe world of MercedesBenz. The new generation of the C-Class sedan and wagon and the new SLK roadster are also presented in Geneva. Presentation of the Concept A-CLASS in Shanghai.At Auto Shanghai in April, Mercedes-Benz presents the Concept A-CLASS to give an impression of the upcoming new compact class. The proportions of the Concept A-CLASS communicate concentrated dynamism. The car’s expressive lines and surfaces are a key feature of the new Mercedes-Benz design. Supervisory Board appoints Dr. Christine Hohmann-Dennhardt to the Board of Management. Dr. Hohmann-Dennhardt takes charge of the newly created Board of Management area of à ¢â‚¬Å"Integrity and Legal Affairs. † She is responsible for the Legal Department, the Compliance Organization and Corporate Data Protection. New truck brand for the Indian market. In India, Daimler Trucks presents BharatBenz, its fifth truck brand.BharatBenz is the basis for the launch of a new local truck generation, which is to be produced at the new plant in Chennai. Excellent first quarter of 2011. Daimler AG achieved earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) of â‚ ¬2. 0 billion in the first quarter of the year (Q1 2010: â‚ ¬1. 2 billion). This very positive earnings development reflects the ongoing upward trend in nearly all divisions. 6 1 | To Our Shareholders | Important Events in 2011 Dividend of â‚ ¬1. 85 per share. At the Annual Meeting in Berlin, the Daimler shareholders vote to pay a dividend for the year 2010 of â‚ ¬1. 85 per share. The total dividend distribution thus amounts to approximately â‚ ¬2 billion. Daimler starts worldwide campaign:  "fairplay. Live values. Create value. This campaign directs the attention of employees and executives to the issues of integrity and compliance. The goal is to develop a shared understanding among all Daimler employees of which behavior is right and which is wrong, as well as to promote a corporate culture of trusting cooperation. F-CELL World Drive reaches Stuttgart. After traveling more than 30,000 kilometers around the globe, three MercedesBenz B-Class F-CELL cars with locally emission-free drive systems cross the finishing line in front of the Mercedes-Benz Museum in Stuttgart in due time. During the F-CELL World Drive, Mercedes-Benz impressively demonstrates the qualities of its fuel-cell vehicles with regard to performance and reliability.Presentation of new Actros. The heavy-duty Mercedes-Benz truck has been fundamentally redeveloped. The new Actros represents more than ten years of work, over 20 million test kilometers and more than â‚ ¬2 billion of investment in developm ent and production technology. Strategic framework agreement with Chinese partner. Daimler AG and Beijing Automotive Industry Corporation (BAIC) sign a strategic framework agreement. A total of approximately â‚ ¬2 billion is to be invested in the joint venture Beijing Benz Automotive Co. , Ltd. (BBAC). Record earnings in the second quarter. Daimler achieves one of its best ever quarterly results in the second quarter of 2011.Group EBIT amounts to â‚ ¬2. 6 billion. Q2. 11 7 Q3. 11 Joint venture between Daimler and Bosch. Daimler and Robert Bosch GmbH sign agreements on the establishment of a 50:50 joint venture for electric motors. The company will operate under the name of EM-motive GmbH and will develop and produce innovative electric motors for electric vehicles. Daimler Financial Services starts operations in India. The newly established subsidiary Daimler Financial Services India Pvt. Ltd. domiciled in Chennai offers customers and dealers a comprehensive range of financing and insurance products. Contract volume of more than US$500 million is targeted by the year 2016.Acquisition of Tognum successfully concluded. Daimler AG and Rolls-Royce Holdings plc secure approximately 99% of Tognum’s shares. The combination of the three companies’ strengths and market access will allow Tognum to become a first-class producer of engine systems. Numerous Mercedes-Benz world premieres at the Frankfurt Motor Show. The revolutionary F125! research car allows a glimpse of the emission-free luxury sedans of the not-too-distant future. There are also world premieres of the new B-Class, the Concept B-Class E-CELL PLUS and the SLS AMG roadster. In addition, Mercedes-Benz presents the new M-Class to the general public for the first time.Presentation of â€Å"Mercedes-Benz 2020† growth strategy. By the year 2020, we want to be the number one among the premium manufacturers – in terms of products, brand, profitability and unit sales. We will devel op the production capacities required for our growth so that they are close to our customers and our markets. First truck from Daimler and Kamaz. Daimler Trucks and Russian truck producer Kamaz present the prototype of a jointly developed truck with Daimler components. Daimler and Kamaz will intensify their collaboration in the future, especially on truck cabs. First new Citaro delivered. Trade experts see a great future for the completely revised best-selling Mercedes-Benz city bus.It sets benchmarks above all with its safety concept and its new design. Final approval for truck joint venture in China. The Chinese Ministry of Commerce grants final approval for Beijing Foton Daimler Automotive Co. , Ltd. (BFDA). Daimler will hold a 50% interest in the joint venture and can thus participate in the growth of the Chinese market for medium and heavy trucks. 8 1 | To Our Shareholders | Important Events in 2011 First Sprinter produced in China. In addition to the Vito and Viano models, whi ch have been successfully produced and sold in China since 2010, the Mercedes-Benz Sprinter is now also rolling off the assembly lines at Fujian Daimler Automotive Co. Ltd. The Sprinter is the first premium product in the Chinese market for large vans. Closer cooperation between Daimler and BAIC. Daimler and BAIC (Beijing Automotive Group Co. , Ltd. ) agree to extend their wide-ranging strategic partnership. The letter of intent states that both companies will assess further possibilities for technological collaboration and for vehicles with alternative drive systems. Daimler plans sale of EADS shares. Daimler and the German government have agreed in principle that the KfW Bank Group will acquire 7. 5% of the shares in EADS from Daimler. The transaction is to take place in 2012. 50,000 customers at car2go. ar2go, the world’s first fully flexible car-rental service to operate on a per-minute basis, passes the milestone of one million rentals. At the same time, the 50,000th car 2go customer worldwide is registered at the Hamburg car2go shop. New Actros is â€Å"Truck of the Year 2012. † Truck journalists from 24 European countries elect the new Actros, the flagship of the Mercedes-Benz fleet of commercial vehicles, as the best truck of the year. With a total of eight titles, Mercedes-Benz is now the most successful brand in the competition for honors for technological progress. Presentation of heavy-duty Fuso truck with hybrid drive. Fuso presents its first heavy-duty truck with hybrid drive at the Tokyo Motor Show: the Super Great HEV.The first test carried out under real-life conditions show that fuel consumption has been improved by up to 10% compared with conventional trucks with diesel engines. Q4. 11 9 25 years of the automobile and excellent financial results – 2011 stands for both at Daimler. And that pleases us all the more because we promised you a year ago that our jubilee year would be another successful year for your company. We kept our word with: – Group revenue of 106. 5 billion euros, – EBIT of 8. 8 billion euros, which is well above the prior year, – and net profit of 6. 0 billion euros. These aren’t just very respectable results; they are among the best in our history. Our return on net assets of 19. 9 percent was well above our target of eight percent. In short, we created value.And of course, our success will also benefit you: The Board of Management and the Supervisory Board will propose an increase in the dividend to â‚ ¬2. 20 per share at the Annual Meeting. Now what were the key developments in our divisions? At Mercedes-Benz Cars, we set three records in 2011. Never before have we had better unit sales, revenue or EBIT. This was chiefly accomplished on the strength of our Mercedes-Benz brand and its ongoing invigoration through innovative products. Whether the M- or B-Class, the C coupe or the SLS AMG roadster, our new models are all very popular. At the same time , in 2011 we defined our long-term growth strategy: â€Å"Mercedes-Benz 2020. At its center is the extension of our ambition to lead: With the strongest brand and the best products, we aim to be number one in premium-segment unit sales as well – by the end of this decade at the latest. To that end, we need to achieve sustainable, profitable growth and expand our activities close to our growing customer base. 2011 was also a very good year for Daimler Trucks. Worldwide, we were able to increase unit sales and revenue by 20 percent, and EBIT by more than 40 percent. In June, we introduced the new Mercedes-Benz Actros, our most important heavy-duty truck of this decade. It was promptly voted â€Å"Truck of the Year. † In North America, we further strengthened our market leadership in the medium- and heavy-duty segment.And with Fuso in Asia, we increased our unit sales despite the natural disaster in Japan. 10 1 | To Our Shareholders | Chairman’s Letter â€Å" The jubilee year of the automobile was another successful year for Daimler. But we believe we can do even better. † 11 Mercedes-Benz Vans posted unit sales growth of about 18 percent – thanks primarily to the success of the new-generation Vito and Viano. Both models are now available in China, where we also started production of the Sprinter. At Daimler Buses, revenue and earnings decreased due to weaker market demand for complete buses. However, we clearly maintained the leading position in all our key markets.Exceptionally good news also comes from Daimler Financial Services, where three new records were set in 2011: for new business, contract volume and earnings. In addition, we expanded our range of services with the new â€Å"Mobility Services† business unit. Here we are offering innovative service packages with a focus on sustainable mobility. All of this contributed to an excellent performance in 2011. It is all the more remarkable given that general economic risks increased in the second half of the year due to the crisis in the euro zone. In 2012, we will continue to face headwinds in our European markets. However, from today’s perspective, we expect worldwide economic growth of around 2. 5 percent. And global automotive demand is likely to grow even faster in the years ahead.We intend to participate in this growth – and to an above-average extent. 2011 was a successful and important year. But we believe we can do significantly better in the medium and long term; that also applies to our share price. We strive to attain leadership in all our businesses. In doing so, we draw on the strengths of the Daimler Group: – as a full-line supplier of premium cars, trucks, vans, buses and services; – with Mercedes-Benz as our core brand in all divisions; – and as an innovation and technology leader. The combination of these Daimler strengths produces potential that we intend to fully utilize in the coming years . Specifically, we have efined four strategic growth areas: – strengthening our core business in traditional markets, – conquering new growth markets, – extending our leadership in environmentally friendly technologies and in the field of safety, – and developing and implementing new mobility concepts. 12 1 | To Our Shareholders | Chairman’s Letter In all of this, one thing remains clear: A company’s success stands or falls with the skills and commitment of its workforce. The employees of your company are doing a great job; for that they deserve the thanks of the Board of Management. We will continue to systematically promote excellence in the future. One specific target is the development of first-class female and international talent. Integrity is another issue that is gaining importance – and not just at Daimler. What does that mean in a corporate context?In brief, it means that â€Å"make a decent return† and â€Å"make re turns decent† are two sides of the same coin. Integrity is more than just formal compliance with laws and regulations. It is an ethical attitude, a sort of â€Å"internal compass† that keeps us on the right path even in complex business situations. Many events of the past twelve months have confirmed once again that one of the most important â€Å"currencies† is trust – whether it’s in business or politics, in public or private life. Ultimately, Daimler owes its sustained success to its trusted relationships with customers, business partners, employees and neighbors – and of course with you, our shareholders.We would like to sincerely thank you for your confidence in us. We will make every effort in 2012 to justify that confidence once again. Sincerely, Dieter Zetsche 13 The Board of Management Andreas Renschler | 53 Daimler Trucks Appointed until September 2013 Wolfgang Bernhard | 51 Manufacturing and Procurement Mercedes-Benz Cars & Mercede s-Benz Vans Appointed until February 2013 Christine Hohmann-Dennhardt | 61 Integrity and Legal Affairs Appointed until February 2014 Bodo Uebber | 52 Finance & Controlling, Daimler Financial Services Appointed until December 2014 Thomas Weber | 57 Group Research & Mercedes-Benz Cars Development Appointed until December 2013Wilfried Porth | 53 Human Resources & Labor Relations Director Appointed until April 2017 Dieter Zetsche | 58 Chairman of the Board of Management, Head of Mercedes-Benz Cars Appointed until December 2013 14 15 Report of the Supervisory Board Dear Shareholders, the Supervisory Board dealt in detail with the operational and strategic development of the Daimler Group in seven meetings during the 2011 financial year. In the year 2011, the Supervisory Board performed its tasks as laid down by applicable law, the Articles of Incorporation and its rules of procedure, and continually advised and supervised the Board of Management with the management of the company.Followi ng careful reviews and consultations, the Supervisory Board passed resolutions on numerous business matters for which its consent was required, such as investment and personnel planning, capital changes at companies of the Group, investments and divestments, expansion of production capacities in existing cooperations, and the conclusion of contracts of particular importance for the Group. In addition, the Supervisory Board examined for example whether the risk report, the financial reporting and the annual financial statements were in conformance with requirements. The Board of Management also informed the Supervisory Board about a large number of transactions not requiring the Supervisory Board’s consent and the two boards discussed those matters together, for example, the further development of strategic programs in the various divisions and the status of various cooperation projects.The Supervisory Board discussed the information and evaluations that were material for its decisions and suggestions together with the Board of Management. The Supervisory Board meetings were regularly prepared in separate discussions of the members representing the employees and the members representing the shareholders with the members of the Board of Management. In each meeting of the Supervisory Board, there was a so-called executive session, in which the members of the Supervisory Board were able to discuss topics in the absence of the members of the Board of Management. No member of the Supervisory Board attended less than half of the meetings in the past financial year.The Chairman of the Supervisory Board was regularly informed by the Chairman of the Board of Management about all significant operating developments as well as personnel changes and appointments. Daimler’s business activities continued to develop very successfully during the year 2011. Unit sales and revenues increased in almost all the automotive divisions, in some cases substantially. Earnin gs from ongoing operations were significantly higher than in 2010. The Mercedes-Benz Cars and Mercedes-Benz Vans divisions achieved their targeted rates of return already in the first half of 2011. The good business development generally continued in the second half of the year, although earnings were adversely affected by model changes, higher material costs and exchange-rates movements.Daimler is currently making substantial investments, with support from the Supervisory Board, in new technologies, new markets and new products, in order to strengthen the Group’s competitive position for the future. A question of relevance for the work of the Supervisory Board throughout the year 2011 related to the possibility to plan further developments and their stability. The general economic outlook, and in particular the situation in the financial markets, was marked by significant risks and uncertainties. An additional factor in the first half of the year was the hardto-assess impact of the natural disaster in Japan. The Board of Management and the Supervisory Board also care-fully monitored the economic situation in China, one of the Group’s key markets.In the euro zone, the high levels of state and public-sector debt became increasingly important as factors causing uncertainty and restricting growth. In general, the Supervisory Board assessed the development during 2011 in absolute terms as positive, and in view of the risk described above, was in agreement with the risk-aware approach of the Board of Management. The Supervisory Board dealt in detail with the development of Daimler’s share price, and discussed at length with the Board of Management about its causes and proposals, as well as the expected impact on the share price of strategic projects. 16 1 | To Our Shareholders | Report of the Supervisory Board Dr. Manfred Bischoff, Chairman of the Supervisory Board.In addition to the usual key financial metrics, the Board of Management regularl y informed the Supervisory Board about important topics such as: – the Group’s profitability, especially in terms of return on equity, and its liquidity situation, – the internal control and risk management system including compliance, – the cost of risk in the financial services business, – the development of commodity prices, especially of raw materials, and – the general economic situation in the main sales markets, in particular in view of developments in the financial markets. The Supervisory Board also dealt with safeguarding the Group’s long-term profitability, fundamental questions of corporate planning including financial, investment, sales and human resources planning, developments in the companies of the Group, revenue developments and the situation of the Group, as well as the ongoing implementation of measures to secure pioneering and sustainable mobility for the future.The latter was dealt with also considering current a nd future requirements under the heading of â€Å"digital life,† with special reference to the Group’s products and services. The Supervisory Board was occupied with these topics going beyond the operating business in close communication with the Board of Management and especially intensively in a two-day strategy workshop, which this year focused in particular on conditions and development opportunities in China in order to properly reflect the special importance of the Chinese market. Cooperation between the Supervisory Board and the Board of Management. All the members of the Board of Management attended all the meetings of the Supervisory Board.In the meetings, there was an intensive and open exchange of opinions and information concerning the position of the Group, business and financial developments, fundamental issues of corporate policy and strategy, and development opportunities in important growth markets. Any deviations from the planning were explained in de tail to the Supervisory Board by the Board of Management. The members of the Supervisory Board regularly prepared for upcoming resolutions on transactions requiring Supervisory Board consent on the basis of documentation provided in advance by the Board of Management. They were supported by the relevant committees, and discussed the actions and transactions upon which decisions were to be taken with the Board of Management.Furthermore, the Board of Management informed the Supervisory Board with the use of monthly reports and quarterly risk reports about the most important performance figures and risks and submitted the interim reports to the Supervisory Board. The Supervisory Board was kept fully informed of specific matters also between its meetings. As required in individual cases, following consultation with the Chairman of the Supervisory Board, the members were requested to pass resolutions in writing. In addition, the Chairman of the Board of Management informed the Chairman o f the Supervisory Board in regular discussions about important developments and consulted with him on upcoming decisions. 17Topics discussed at the Supervisory Board meetings in the year 2011. In January 2011, the Supervisory Board dealt with equity-capital changes at subsidiaries of Daimler North America Corporation. In a meeting in February 2011, the Supervisory Board appointed Dr. Christine HohmannDennhardt, an ex-judge at Germany’s Federal Constitutional Court, as a member of the Board of Management for the position of Integrity and Legal Affairs, which had been newly created by a resolution of September 2010. As of December 16, 2011, Bodo Uebber was reappointed as a member of the Board of Management with responsibility for Finance & Controlling and Daimler Financial Services.In the presence of the external auditors, the preliminary key figures of the annual company and consolidated financial statements for 2010 and the dividend proposal to be made at the 2011 Annual Shar eholders’ Meeting were discussed in the same meeting. The preliminary key figures for the year 2010 were announced at the Annual Press Conference on February 16, 2011. In another meeting held in February 2011, the Supervisory Board dealt with the annual company financial statements, the annual consolidated financial statements and the combined management report for Daimler AG and the Daimler Group, each of which had been issued with an unqualified audit opinion by the external auditors, as well as the reports of the Audit Committee and the Supervisory Board, the corporate governance report and the remuneration report and the proposal on the distribution of distributable profit.In preparation, the members of the Supervisory Board were provided with comprehensive documentation, some of it in draft form, including the Annual Report with the consolidated financial statements according to IFRS, the combined management report for Daimler AG and the Daimler Group, the corporate gove rnance report and the remuneration report, the annual company financial statements of Daimler AG, the audit report of KPMG for the annual company financial statements of Daimler AG, for the consolidated financial statements and for the combined management report, the proposal of the Board of Management on the distribution of distributable profit, and the drafts of the reports of the Supervisory Board and of the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee and the Supervisory Board dealt with those documents in detail and discussed them intensively in the presence of the external auditors, who reported on the results of their audit and were available to answer supplementary questions and to provide additional information.Following the final results of the review by the Audit Committee and its own review, the Supervisory Board declared its agreement with the results of the audit by the external auditors, determined that no objections were to be raised, and approved the financial statements an d the combined management report as presented by the Board of Management. The company financial statements of Daimler AG for the year 2010 were thereby adopted. The Supervisory Board also consented to the proposal made by the Board of Management on the distribution of distributable profit and approved the report of the Supervisory Board, the corporate governance report and the remuneration report in the current drafts.Furthermore, the Supervisory Board approved its proposed decisions on the items of the agenda for the 2011 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting. In addition, the Supervisory Board received information on the status of antitrust investigations of European manufacturers of commercial vehicles by the EU Commission and approved an investment framework for the submission of a voluntary takeover bid for Tognum AG together with Rolls-Royce. Finally, the Supervisory Board dealt with topics of Board of Management remuneration and approved the external board positions and sidelin e business activities of the members of the Board of Management as presented in the meeting.Two Supervisory Board meetings were held in April. In the first of those two meetings, which was held straight after the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting, the Supervisory Board elected Dr. Manfred Bischoff as the Chairman of the Supervisory Board – as previously announced in the election proposal made at the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting. Pursuant to the rules of procedure of the Supervisory Board, its Chairman also chairs the Mediation, Nomination and Presidential Committees. To replace the departing Dr. Manfred Schneider, Dr. Jurgen Hambrecht was elected to the Mediation Committee and to the Presidential Committee. In the place of Dr. Manfred Schneider and Lynton R.Wilson, Dr. Paul Achleitner and Sari Baldauf were elected to the Nomination Committee. In addition, due to the resolution by the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting amending the Articles of Incorporation with rega rd to Supervisory Board remuneration, the Supervisory Board decided to amend the wording of the declaration of compliance accordingly, subject to the amended Articles of Incorporation being entered in the Commercial Register. In the declaration of compliance, the explanation of the lack of a performancerelated component of remuneration includes an explanation of the remuneration paid to the Supervisory Board of Daimler AG. With the amendment o the Articles of Incorporation, the existing apportioning model was replaced with an additive model, in order to better reflect the generally increased requirements in particular with consideration of additional activities of Supervisory Board members in committees. In the second meeting in April 2011, the Supervisory Board dealt with the course of business and results of the first quarter, as well as with a status report on the situation in Japan, which had been updated since previously being dealt with in March 2011, in particular the situati on of the Japanese companies of the Group and the local employees after the earthquake, tsunami and reactor accident. In addition, the Supervisory Board granted its consent to the closure of Treasury units in Belgium and to a capital increase for the car joint venture in China, Beijing Benz Automotive Co. , Ltd.In May, the Supervisory Board was informed about the stage of the Tognum transaction and the increase in the price offered. 18 1 | To Our Shareholders | Report of the Supervisory Board In addition to discussing the business development and results of the second quarter, in its meeting in July, the Supervisory Board granted its consent for capital contributions to the German pension plan, for the execution of equity-capital changes at the subsidiary Daimler Trucks North America, and for the expansion of production capacity for the truck joint venture with Foton, a Chinese truck producer. In the same meeting, the Supervisory Board also dealt with the new pension plan and the to pics for the upcoming strategy workshop.Furthermore, it reappointed Wilfried Porth as a member of the Board of Management with responsibility for Human Resources and as Labor Relations Director effective as of May 1, 2012. During the two-day strategy workshop in September, as every year, the Supervisory Board first of all received information on the stage of implementation of the strategic goals set in previous years by the Board of Management for Daimler AG and the divisions. Against the backdrop of the current economic situation, the Supervisory Board discussed the stage of implementation of projects initiated by the individual divisions, the positioning of the Group and its divisions with regard to the competition, and the brand and product strategies.Other key areas of the strategy workshops were: – growth opportunities in the various markets with a focus on China, – analyses of competitors, – status reports on the various cooperations, – the latest t rends in customer behavior, also with regard to the future development of urban mobility and the use of modern media and social networks, – the overall technology and market strategy for safeguarding sustainable mobility, – the technological development of internal-combustion engines, – electric, hybrid and hydrogen drive systems, – specific requirements placed on such drive systems in important markets, in China for example, – management capacities and other human resources issues, especially in specific growth markets, and – other strategic topics. In December, the Supervisory Board dealt in detail on the basis of comprehensive documentation with the operational planning for the years 2012 and 2013. This included discussion of existing opportunities and risks and the Group’s risk management. The Supervisory Board also decided on the financing limits for the year 2012 and dealt with a progress report on EADS and the planned sale of 7 . 5% of the shares in EADS to the KfW banking group.Other matters discussed in the December meeting included corporate governance and Board of Management remuneration. Corporate governance. Although the German Corporate Governance Code was not amended in the period under review, the Supervisory Board was continually occupied with the standards of good corporate governance, including the green paper of the European Commission on that subject. An important precondition for effective cooperation in the Supervisory Board in the sense of good corporate governance, in addition to the members’ prioritized specialist expertise, is their diversity to adequately reflect the Group’s size and internationality in terms of nationality, gender, ethnic origin and experience.In connection with future proposals on candidates for election to the Supervisory Board, the Supervisory Board of Daimler AG pays attention to internationality and balance, especially with regard to gender, and see s this as a contribution to strengthening Daimler’s claim to leadership in the automotive industry. With the election of Petraea Heynike, the Supervisory Board has achieved a proportion of 20% female members representing the shareholders, which is at least to be maintained and if possible increased in the coming years. The members of the Supervisory Board of Daimler AG are obliged to disclose potential conflicts of interest to the entire Supervisory Board and not to participate in discussing or voting on topics which could lead to a conflict of interest. There were no indications of any such potential conflicts of interest in 2011.In its meeting in April, the Supervisory Board decided on an amendment to its rules of procedure. The Code’s suggestion that the maximum possible appointment period of five years should not be the rule with first-time appointments to the Board of Management will be complied with in the future: First-time appointments – and only those à ¢â‚¬â€œ will generally be made for three years only. In its December meeting, the Supervisory Board updated and amended the wording of the rules of procedure of the Supervisory Board and its committees, and approved the declaration of compliance with the German Corporate Governance Code pursuant to Section 161 of the German Stock Corporation Act (AktG).With the two exceptions explained in the declaration, all the recommendations of the Code have been complied with and continue to be complied with. 19 The Supervisory Board last arranged for an externally moderated efficiency review to be carried out during the year 2010, thus fulfilling the requirement to carry out a regular review of its efficiency in accordance with its own rules of procedure and the German Corporate Governance Code. The results of the efficiency review indicate very good cooperation within the Supervisory Board and with the Board of Management. There was no indication of any need for fundamental action or changes. However, some suggestions were made, which will be put into practice.Corporate governance at Daimler is described in detail in the Corporate Governance Report on pages 169 ff and in the Remuneration Report on pages 161 ff of this Annual Report. Personnel changes in the Supervisory Board. After the end of the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting held on April 13, 2011, a member representing the shareholders, Dr. Manfred Schneider, stepped down from the Supervisory Board of Daimler AG. As proposed by the Supervisory Board, Petraea Heynike was newly elected as a member of the Supervisory Board repre ­ senting the shareholders with effect as of the end of that Annual Shareholders’ Meeting. Dr. Manfred Bischoff and Lynton R. Wilson, whose periods of office also ended at the end of the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting, were reelected.The election proposal of the Supervisory Board to the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting was based on a recommendation made by the Nomination Co mmittee and a corresponding resolution by the members of the Supervisory Board representing the shareholders. Personnel changes in the Board of Management. In a meeting in February 2011, as mentioned above, the Super ­ visory Board appointed Dr. Christine Hohmann ­Dennhardt, an ex ­judge at the German Federal Constitutional Court, as a member of the Board of Management for the position of Integrity and Legal Affairs, which was newly created by resolution of September 2010, for a period of three years as of February 16, 2011. Bodo Uebber was reappointed as a member of the Board of Management responsible for Finance & Controlling and Daimler Financial Services for a further three years as of December 16, 2011.In the Supervisory Board meeting in July 2011, in line with the new regulation on periods of service for reappointments, Wilfried Porth was reappointed for another five years as a member of the Board of Management responsible for Human Resources and as Labor Relations Direc tor as of May 1, 2012. Audit of the 2011 financial statements. The financial state ­ ments of Daimler AG and the combined management report for the Company and the Group for 2011 were duly audited by KPMG AG, Wirtschaftsprufungsgesellschaft, Berlin, and were given an unqualified audit opinion. The same applies to the consolidated financial statements for 2011 prepared accord ­ ing to IFRS, which were supplemented with additional notes.In the presence of the auditors in a meeting in early February 2012, the Supervisory Board discussed the preliminary key figures of the annual company and consolidated financial statements for 2011 and the dividend proposal to be made at the 2012 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting. The preliminary key figures for the year 2011 were announced at the Annual Press Conference on February 9, 2012. In another meeting in late February 2012, the Supervisory Board dealt with the annual company financial statements, the annual consolidated financial stateme nts and the combined management report for Daimler AG and the Daimler Group, each of which had been issued with an unqualified audit opinion by the external auditors, as well as the reports of the Audit Committee and the Supervisory Board, the corporate Report on the work of the committees The Presidential Committee convened four times in 2011.It dealt primarily with corporate governance topics and ques ­ tions of remuneration, as well as personnel matters of the Board of Management. As in previous years, compliance targets constituted part of the individual target agreements of the members of the Board of Management. The Audit Committee met seven times in 2011. Details of those meetings are provided in a separate report of this committee (see page 158 ff). The Nomination Committee convened twice in 2011. Among other matters, it prepared a recommendation for the Supervisory Board’s proposal on a candidate for election to the Supervisory Board of Daimler AG representing the share ­ holders.The proposal gave due consideration to stipulations regarding the structure, orientation and qualification profile of the members of the Supervisory Board representing the shareholders and to corporate governance requirements. As in previous years, the Mediation Committee, a body required by the provisions of the German Codetermination Act (MitbestG), had no occasion to take any action in 2011. The chairmen of the committees informed the members of the Supervisory Board about the activities of the committees and their decisions, in each case in the Supervisory Board meeting following such decisions. 20 1 | To Our Shareholders | Report of the Supervisory Board governance report and the remuneration report, and the proposal on the distribution of distributable profit.In preparation, the members of the Supervisory Board were provided with comprehensive documentation, some of it in draft form, including the Annual Report with the consolidated financial statements accor ding to IFRS, the combined management report for Daimler AG and the Daimler Group, the corporate governance report and the remuneration report, the annual company financial statements of Daimler AG, the audit report of KPMG for the annual company financial statements of Daimler AG, for the consolidated financial statements and for the combined management report, the proposal of the Board of Management on the distribution of distributable profit, and the drafts of the reports of the Supervisory Board and of the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee and the Supervisory Board dealt with those documents in detail and discussed them intensively in the presence of the external auditors, who reported on the results of their audit and were available to answer supplementary questions and to provide additional information.Following the final results of the review by the Audit Committee and its own review, the Supervisory Board declared its agreement with the results of the audit by the externa l auditors, determined that no objections were to be raised, and approved the financial statements and the combined management report as presented by the Board of Management. The company financial statements of Daimler AG for the year 2011 were thereby adopted. The Supervisory Board also consented to the proposal made by the Board of Management on the distribution of distributable profit and approved the report of the Supervisory Board, the corporate governance report and the remuneration report in their current drafts.Furthermore, the Supervisory Board approved its proposed decisions on the items of the agenda for the 2012 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting. Appreciation. The Supervisory Board thanks all of the employees and the management of the Daimler Group for their personal contributions to the successful year 2011. Special thanks are due to a longstanding member of the Supervisory Board, Dr. Manfred Schneider, who stepped down in April after many years of close involvement a nd exceptional personal commitment to the Group. Stuttgart, February 2012 The Supervisory Board Dr. Manfred Bischoff Chairman 21 The Supervisory Board Dr. Manfred Bischoff Munich Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Daimler AG Other supervisory board memberships/directorships: Fraport AG Royal KPN N. V.SMS GmbH – Chairman UniCredit S. p. A. Voith GmbH – Chairman Erich Klemm* Sindelfingen Chairman of the General Works Council, Daimler Group and Daimler AG; Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Daimler AG Dr. Paul Achleitner Munich Member of the Board of Management of Allianz SE Other supervisory board memberships/directorships: Bayer AG RWE AG Allianz Investment Management SE – Chairman Allianz Global Investors AG Sari Baldauf Helsinki Former Executive Vice President and General Manager of the Networks Business Group of Nokia Corporation Other supervisory board memberships/directorships: Hewlett-Packard Company F-Secure Corporation Fortum OYj – Chair woman Dr.Clemens Borsig Frankfurt am Main Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Deutsche Bank AG Other supervisory board memberships/directorships: Linde AG Bayer AG Emerson Electric Co. Prof. Dr. Heinrich Flegel* Stuttgart Director Research Materials, Lightweight Design and Manufacturing, Daimler AG; Chairman of the Management Representative Committee, Daimler Group Dr. Jurgen Hambrecht Ludwigshafen Former Chairman of the Board of Executive Directors of BASF SE Other supervisory board memberships/directorships: Deutsche Lufthansa AG Fuchs Petrolub AG – Chairman Trumpf GmbH + Co. KG Petraea Heynike Vevey Former Executive Vice President of the Executive Board of Nestle S. A. since April 13, 2011) Other supervisory board memberships/directorships: Schulich School of Business Jorg Hofmann* Stuttgart German Metalworkers’ Union (IG Metall), District Manager, Baden-Wurttemberg Other supervisory board memberships/directorships: Robert Bosch GmbH Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG Dr. Thomas Klebe* Frankfurt am Main General Counsel of the German Metalworkers’ Union (IG Metall) Other supervisory board memberships/directorships: Daimler Luft- und Raumfahrt Holding AG ThyssenKrupp Materials International GmbH Gerard Kleisterlee Amsterdam Former President and CEO of Royal Philips Electronics N. V. Other supervisory board memberships/directorships: Vodafone Group Plc. – Chairman De Nederlandsche Bank N. V. Royal Dutch Shell Plc. Dell Inc.Jurgen Langer* Frankfurt am Main Chairman of the Works Council of the Frankfurt/Offenbach Dealership, Daimler AG 22 1 | To Our Shareholders | The Supervisory Board Ansgar Osseforth* Sindelfingen Manager Mercedes-Benz Research and Development; Member of the Works Council, Sindelfingen Plant, Daimler AG until November 30, 2011 Valter Sanches* Sao Paulo Secretary of International Relations of Confederacao Nacional dos Metalurgicos/CUT Stefan Schwaab* Gaggenau Vice Chairman of the General Works Council, Daimler Group and Daimler AG; Vice Chairman of the Works Council, Gaggenau Plant, Daimler AG Jorg Spies* Stuttgart Chairman of the Works Council, Headquarters, Daimler AG Lloyd G.Trotter Plainville Former Vice Chairman General Electric; President & CEO of the General Electric Group’s Industrial Division; Managing Partner, Founder, GenNx360 Capital Partners Other supervisory board memberships/directorships: PepsiCo Inc. Textron Inc. syncreon Holdings Ltd. syncreon. US Holdings Inc. syncreon. US Inc. Dr. h. c. Bernhard Walter Frankfurt am Main Former Spokesman of the Board of Management of Dresdner Bank AG Other supervisory board memberships/directorships: Bilfinger Berger SE – Chairman Deutsche Telekom AG Henkel AG & Co. KGaA Uwe Werner* Bremen Chairman of the Works Council, Bremen Plant, Daimler AG Lynton R. Wilson Toronto Chairman of the Board of CAE Inc. ; Chancellor of McMaster University Retired from the Supervisory Board: Dr. Manfred Schneider Leverkusen Chairman of the Supervisor y Board of Bayer AG (retired on April 13, 2011)Committees of the Supervisory Board: Committee pursuant to Section 27 Subsection 3 of the German Codetermination Act (MitbestG) Dr. Manfred Bischoff – Chairman Erich Klemm* Dr. Jurgen Hambrecht Dr. Thomas Klebe* Presidential Committee Dr. Manfred Bischoff – Chairman Erich Klemm* Dr. Jurgen Hambrecht Dr. Thomas Klebe* Audit Committee Dr. h. c. Bernhard Walter – Chairman Erich Klemm* Dr. Clemens Borsig Stefan Schwaab* Nomination Committee Dr. Manfred Bischoff – Chairman Dr. Paul Achleitner Sari Baldauf * Representative of the employees 23 Daimler Shares The spread of the sovereign-debt crisis and growing uncertainty about ongoing economic developments caused high volatility in the capital markets. Daimler’s share price fell significantly during the year 2011.In view of a repeated increase in net profit, the Board of Management and the Supervisory Board propose a higher dividend of â‚ ¬2. 20 per share (prior year: â‚ ¬1. 85). 1. 01 Development of Daimler’s share price and major indices End of 2011 End of 2010 11/10 % change -33 -15 -17 +6 -17 -24 Daimler’s share price (in euros) DAX 30 Dow Jones Euro STOXX 50 Dow Jones Industrial Average Nikkei Dow Jones STOXX Auto Index 33. 92 5,898 2,317 12,218 8,455 259 50. 73 6,914 2,793 11,578 10,229 341 Turbulent year on global stock markets. Stock markets continued their very volatile and disparate development in 2011. Against the backdrop of positive economic developments and encouraging company results, the upward trend of the previous year at first continued at the beginning of 2011.A number of negative factors such as the worsening debt crisis in the euro zone, the violent conflicts in North Africa and the Middle East, the natural disaster in Japan and growing fears of inflation then led to sharp falls in share prices in March. However, following good quarterly results of companies in Europe and the United States, stoc k markets recovered quickly and reached their peaks for the year in May. After moving sideways for several months, share prices generally declined at the beginning of August due to the weaker economic outlook. The exacerbating financial crisis in Europe and the downgrading of the United States’ creditworthiness raised market fears of a renewed recession during the autumn.As a result, the markets remained very volatile. The index of the most important stocks in the euro zone, the Dow Jones Euro STOXX 50, fell significantly, especially in the second half of 2011, and lost 17% over the full year. Germany’s main index, the DAX, lost 15%. In the United States, the Dow Jones climbed by 6% over the year. The Nikkei index in Japan closed 2011 down 17% compared with a year earlier. Volatile development of Daimler’s share price in 2011. Automotive stocks made a positive start to the year 2011. Our share profited at the beginning of the year from good unit sales in Decembe r and the encouraging data from the US truck market.Daimler’s share price peaked for the year at â‚ ¬58. 46 on January 18. This was followed by a phase of consolidation. Growing uncertainty had a disproportionately strong impact on the price of cyclical stocks such as Daimler’s. Nonetheless, our share price remained at the level it had reached at the end of 2010 until the end of July, despite negative factors such as the debt crisis in Europe, the natural disaster in Japan and the conflicts in North Africa and the Middle East. Share prices then fell significantly in August. This phase saw strong selling but only a weak propensity to buy. In that trading environment, economically sensitive automotive stocks suffered sharp losses.Although good unit sales were reported during the summer break, investors – especially in the United States – remained very risk averse and reduced the proportion of what they regarded as risky 1. 02 In euros Net profit Key figu res per share 2011 2010 11/10 % change +24 +24 +19 +9 -33 +7 -4 5. 32 5. 31 2. 20 38. 77 33. 92 58. 46 29. 16 4. 28 4. 28 1. 85 35. 62 50. 73 54. 87 30. 35 Net profit (diluted) Dividend Equity (December 31) Xetra share price at year end 1 Highest 1 Lowest 1 1 Closing prices 24 1 | To Our Shareholders | Daimler Shares European stocks in their portfolios. But, benefiting from the positive development of the German stock market and the publication of good third-quarter results in line with market expectations, Daimler’s share price climbed again significantly in October within a very volatile environment.The repeated increase in uncertainty about a resolution of the euro crisis caused the stock markets and automotive stocks to fall again temporarily in November. During this phase, the price of Daimler’s shares reached its low for the year of â‚ ¬29. 16 on November 23. After a brief recovery, our share price remained flat in December and closed the year at a price of â ‚ ¬33. 92 on December 30. ? 1. 01 Our share thus fell by 33% over the full year, which is a weaker performance than the Dow Jones STOXX Auto Index (-24%) and the DAX (-15%). Daimler’s market capitalization at the end of 2011 was â‚ ¬36. 2 billion. In the first several weeks of the year 2012, Daimler’s share price climbed significantly. Dividend of â‚ ¬2. 20. ? 1. 2 The Board of Management and the Supervisory Board will propose to the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting to be held on April 4, 2012 that in view of the good business development the dividend should be increased from â‚ ¬1. 85 to â‚ ¬2. 20 per share. The total dividend payout will thus amount to â‚ ¬2,346 million (prior year: â‚ ¬1,971 million). Broad shareholder structure. ? 1. 07 Daimler continues to have a broad shareholder base of approximately 1. 0 million shareholders. The number of shareholders remained stable compared with 2010, so there was no continuation of the trend of fallin g shareholder numbers that occurred in previous years. There was a steadily growing demand for our shares from private investors during the second half of 2011, mainly in Germany. Kuwait Investment Authority holds 6. 9% of Daimler’s shares and the Renault-Nissan Alliance holds 3. 1%.Aabar Investments PJS, Abu Dhabi (Aabar), notified us in October 2011 that its Daimler voting rights had fallen below the notification threshold of 5% and amounted to 4. 99998% at that time. This was caused by a slight increase in Daimler’s share capital due to the exercise of stock options. In February 2012, Aabar notified us that the number of Daimler shares it physically owned had decreased to approximately 32. 7 million, equivalent to a shareholding of 3. 07%. In connection with the respective shareholding notifications, Aabar also informed us that it has the right to redelivery of the difference between the approximately 32. 7 million shares it physically owns and the 96. 4 million sha res it originally acquired. In connection with its shareholding, Aabar entered into a series of financing transactions.As of 1 February 2012, the new rules pursuant to the German Securities Trading Act (WpHG) require separate incremental disclosures of certain elements of these transactions, which lead to double-counting with respect to parts of Aabar’s total shareholding. Together with shares lent to third parties in connection with financing transactions for which Aabar has a right of redelivery, Aabar still holds 9. 04%. BlackRock Inc. , New York, informed us in August 2011 that it had exceeded the 5% notification threshold as defined by Germany’s Securities Trading Act (WpHG) and that its Daimler voting rights amounted to 5. 7% as of August 11, 2011. Capital Research and Management Company of Los Angeles, which notified us in May 2010 that it held 3. 1% of our shares, is still above the 3% notification threshold stipulated by the WpHG.The treasury shares held by Da imler at the end of 2010 (approximately 0. 2 million shares worth about â‚ ¬7 million) were used during the year under review to satisfy the claims of former AEG shareholders from arbitration proceedings. In total, institutional investors hold 67% of our share capital and private investors hold 20%. Approximately 69% of our equity are in the hands of European investors and approximately 19% are held by US investors. ? 1. 08 1. 03 In euros 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 Daimler share price (high/low), 2011 1/11 2/11 3/11 4/11 5/11 6/11 7/11 8/11 9/11 10/11 11/11 12/11 1. 04 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 Share price index 2/31/10 2/28/11 4/29/11 6/30/11 8/31/11 10/31/11 12/31/11 Daimler AG Dow Jones STOXX Auto Index DAX 25 1. 05 Key figures End of 2011 End of 2010 11/10 % change Share capital (in millions of euros) Number of shares (in millions) thereof treasury shares Market capitalization (in billions) )of euros) Number of shareholders (in millions) Weighting in share index D AX 30 Dow Jones Euro STOXX 50 Long-term credit ratings Standard & Poor’s Moody’s Fitch DBRS 3,060 1,066. 3 0 36. 2 1. 0 3,058 1,065. 6 0. 2 54. 0 1. 0 +0 +0 -100 -33 0 The weighting of Daimler shares in major indices decreased during 2011 due to the negative development of our share price.In the German DAX 30 index, our stock was ranked in seventh position with a weighting of 5. 93% at the end of the year (end of 2010: 7. 51%). ? 1. 05 In the Dow Jones Euro STOXX 50, Daimler shares were represented with a weighting of 2. 26% (end of 2010: 2. 88%). Daimler shares are listed in Frankfurt and Stuttgart. Stock-exchange trading in Germany in the year 2011 amounted to 1,728 million shares (2010: 1,492 million). In addition, Daimler shares are increasingly traded on multilateral trading platforms and in the over-thecounter market. Substantially increased participation in employee share program. In March 2011, eligible members of the workforce were once again able to acquire e mployee shares.A price incentive that was granted for the first time and bonus shares helped to increase the number of participants to 32,200 employees, who acquired a total of 610,300 shares (2010: 19,400 employees acquired 350,700 shares). Annual Shareholders’ Meeting approves management’s proposals with large majorities. Our Annual Shareholders’ Meeting held on April 13, 2011 at the Berlin International Congress Center (ICC) was attended by approximately 5,100 shareholders (2010: 4,700). With 43. 3% of the share capital represented at the Annual Meeting, shareholder representation (attendance plus absentee votes) was higher than in the prior year (40. 3%). In the voting on the items of the agenda, the shareholders adopted the recommendations of the management with large majorities.The shareholders